Probing Into Environmental Justice

The development of human civilization and its cost make the environment and development the major issues much concerned by the international community, global environmental problems such as environmental pollution, ecological destruction and lack of resources are the concentrated expression of the multilevel conflict among human, nature and society, and they are also the concentrated expression of conflict of all kinds of interests. The global environmental problem poses a severe challenge to human survival and sustainable development, and it has become the challenges and conundrum of this era. Firstly, global resources and environmental problems, environmental pollution and ecological destruction are constantly entering into human’s vision and become big concerns, the most fully rationale is that the continued survival of mankind has been under a great impact, resources and environment have paid substantial costs while the history is moving forward. In the mutual relationship between human and nature, humans use their own cognitive ability and technological rationality to constantly transform nature, and create a new living environment, which often results in a great deal of environmental pollution and ecological destruction. Secondly, followed by interpersonal conflicts caused by the resources and environmental problems, the relationship between human and nature is more basic than the relationship among humans in the practice and the practical level, as Marx in his classic 1844 Economics-the manuscript of Philosophy saying that society is the complete essence of the same nature unity between human and nature, the essence of the relationship between human and nature is substantially the social relationship between humans. Resources and environmental problems are the tension and imbalance between human and nature on the surface, but they essentially highlight the contradictions and conflicts of social relations between humans, mainly manifest in alienation and crisis of the individual human nature, and in the contradiction and conflicts of interest among the groups in the environmental rights, and in the sustainable development of class and so on. Finally, it is the highlight of the global environmental injustice, the inequality of the global environment or environmental injustice refers to the unequal rights and obligations in resources and environmental protection practices, especially the huge gap of the environmental rights and responsibilities as well as the recognition and respect between developed and developing countries. It mainly shows on the gap between rich and poor, cross-border dumping of waste and green barriers of international trade.It is the seriousness and importance of environmental issues that promote human to re-examine and think about the comprehensive relationship between the human, nature, and society, and re-examine and think about the fairness and justice on the enjoyment of environmental rights and on the commitment to the environmental obligations of developed and developing countries, developed and backward areas, the rich and the poor, and vulnerable groups, to truly achieve the reconciliation of nature and culture. Environmental justice is to seek to achieve the true reconciliation of the relationship between human and nature, among humans by deep questioning and understanding of environmental issues, it is the complementary and excess to the lack of contemporary environmental ethics sight. It contains two ethic dimensions, one is the interstate justice which seeks coordination between human and nature and the other is the human justice which seeks equality and justice between rights and obligation, claim and contribution in the process of enjoying and maintaining resources and the environment among people in different interest groups.It is the awakening of human awareness of the global ecological crisis that makes the human being seek moral consensus and ethical compatibility. The development of modern industrial civilization has brought the mankind the unprecedented global ecological problems such as lack of resources, energy issues, poverty, hunger and other serious challenges, and these global environmental issues are common moral issues that are faced and need to be solved by human being. However, global problems require global value, on the global environmental issues, human public reason and shared value of order is the power that promotes the different countries and different nations to cross conflicts of culture and society, religion and worldview, and has creatively interactive relationship that can jointly cope with the immediate issues. In this article, the practice the principles of environmental justice will be constructed on the basic of common cognition of global environmental problem by humans, to seek ethical values and principles of the coordinating development between human and nature, and among humans. Including the earth support principle on the coordinated development of the relationship between human and nature,and the universal ethical principles of justice on the coordinated development of human relationship, in order to achieve environmental justice together. However, the practical value of the environmental justice is also to promote the practical significance and value of environmental ethics, to achieve environmental protection and social justice, and to make the sustainability of human survival and development become possible.