The United States Military Policy On China (1840-1911)

The modern China was the crupt and decline late Qing dynasty.The Western Powers openedChina’s door by“the Gunboat Policy”and to make China a semi-colony . America has beentaking the territorial expansion as its national policy after Independence and occupied theNorth America Continent through the Westward Movement. American economy graduallydeveloped and became strong.America became the largest economic country I the world.Meanwhile It became a great military power in the world.The object of American diplomatic policy is explore vast colonies a。nd markets.China isthe key in Amercan expansion in Asia-Pacific Region..American military force is the backing ofits diplomacy and the military policy is the main means for realizing its diplomatic object.Because of weak strength, USA could only depend on British and French military forces in theFirst Opium War and Second Opium War. U.S.A. came to reach the same rights and interestsgaining by UK-France with dispatching a few military forces only. After Civil War, the strengthof USA enhanced greatly and it began to increase the armed forces in China, gradually infringeupon Taiwan,support Qing regime to put down the Taiping rebellion and support Japan to invadeTaiwan. The USA became the largest industrial country in the world and entered the imperialiststage. After Spanish-American War, USA gained a bridge tower in the Far East. The USAworked out "Open Door Policy", took military forces as a backup force and joined the "EightAllied Powers" to invade China.The creativeness of the thesis is from the American point of view and multidisciplinarymethods to study the mian idea. It trys to combine the Chinese history with the worldhistory ,diplomacy, military, international relation, religion, culture for studying the subject. Italso uses many English materials and Chinese materials to expound the main idea.The thesis includes six parts: Part 1. America Rises Abruptly;Part 2. USA Early Diplomacyand the China Policy; Part 2. USA Early Diplomacy and the China Policy; Part 4. The USAArmed Forces Got Involved in Chinese Affairs (1865-1900); Part 5 . The USA Military ForceInvolved in All Round Invading China (1900-1911); Part 6. Comment of the U.S.A. Military Policy.The main idea is: the USA adopts expansion as its basic national policy after founding. TheUSA not only expands the North American Continent but also overseas. Just be in progress againafter having finished in territorial expansion. American overseas expansion priority is in AsiaPacific Rim, especially taking China as its main target. American diplomacy always uses themilitary forces as its important implement and adopts military operations all is for attaining itsobjectives of foreign policy. It is by means of the strong and powerful military force as itsbackup in history that America opened China’s door and got the same position with the westernpowers in China. The military policy is the core of the USA policy on China, the military force isthe implement that USA carries out the policy on China.