An Analysis On The Constitutional Propaganda Of The Eastern Miscellany--From The Perspective Of Political Communication In Late Qing(1905.9—1911.5)

The late Qing Dynasty, the whole nation was wandering in life and death because of the domestic strife and foreign aggression one after another.In this situation, The Eastern Miscellany was born.Although the invester behind is a commercial organization, donors and host also placed the expectations of the speech to save the country same with many other political commentators newspapers in the late Qing Dynasty. Furthermore Zhang Yuan Ji and Meng Sen al., by whom The Eastern Miscellany was presided over, is a staunch constitutionalists, so during these few years, The Eastern Miscellany has spared no effort hesitate to propagate constitution. There are even scholars that concerned The Eastern Miscellany the largest of the Constitutional Theory. Then, as the publication of distinct political tendencies, how did it do constitutional propaganda? This article will explore from the perspective of political communication, the historical background which the magazine was in, political experience of the host, and magazine content.In the first chapter, the concept of political communication is combed. Although the political communication activities last for a long time, what is political communication on earth is still out of definite definition in academic. The author has found theorists general believe that political communication is the activity covering political communication, through both domestic and foreign scholars are different form each other on the definition of political communication. Therefore, constitutional propaganda on The Eastern Miscellany in the late Qing Dynasty can be regarded as a political communication, on which this study will have a theoretical basis. In addition, the first chapter made a brief introduction to The Eastern Miscellany to lay the foundation for later discussion.Political tendencies of The Eastern Miscellany are discussed in Chapter Two from the presiding officer and the election of a newsletter source, because these two aspects impact directly the words of the magazine. Research of disseminators is an important aspect of political communication research, and in this thesis, the frame the time is1905.9-1911.5, the host are ZhangYuanji and Meng Sen, whose political experience and position as a gatekeeper indirectly affect the magazine’s words to express. In addition, the initial phase, The Eastern Miscellany as a selected newspaper magazine, which newspaper article is chosen from reflects their political stance as well.The third chapter introduces the background of the times in which The Eastern Miscellany was, for Political Communication states that any dissemination activities are all branded with the imprint of the times, the constitutional propaganda of the Eastern Miscellany is no exception. This chapter analyses the relations of the era and The Eastern Miscellany from the four areas:political, economic, ideological and media environment. The aftermath of years have seen change in the situation politically, from the ruler down to the literati people are longing for changes, for the autocracy is dying, the economic aggression of Western powers is gradual deepening, Chinese traditional natural economy gradually disintegrated, ideologically democratic republican and constitutional monarchy fierce contest and freedom of the press of ideas sprout in the media environment, all of which cause the late Qing Dynasty News legal system to start off.Chapter Four is the text analysis. The author selected the articles published in September1905to May1911on The Eastern Miscellany as the research objects. Therefore, a total of70volumes, from the Eighth of volumes Ⅱ to the Third of volumes Ⅷ. Exactly, a total of165articles.Specifically, this thesis will do some research on the late Qing constitutional propaganda in The Eastern Miscellany, from perspective of constitutionalism, bureaucratic establishment reform, education, local self-government, etc.The eve of the collapse of the late Qing government, the constitutional monarchy is the popular social thought. The Eastern Miscellany as a political commentator publication then, affected that much to promote the constitutionalism. Discussion on constitutionalism on The Eastern Miscellany from the perspective of political communication would enrich academic research.