The Relationships Between The Status Of Nutrition Knowledge-attitude-practice Of Pregnant Women And Neonatal Birth Weight

ObjectiveBased on the survey of the nutrition of pregnant women in Kunshan City, wewanted to explore the nutrition status of the pregnant women and its influcing factors,and further explore the relationships between the status of nutrition knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) and neonatal birth weight indicators, in order to provide somebasic information to improve the pregnant women’s health.MethodsThe maternal and child health care questionnaire was designed according to the "Dietary Guidelines of Chinese people " published by the Chinese Nutrition Society in2007and the physiological characteristics of the pregnant women. The pregnant womenchecked-up in Maternal and Child Health institiution of kunshan were investigated.500maternal and child health care questionnaires were distributed, and433questionnaireswere valid. Epidata3.02software was used to establish a database. The influcing factorsof the nutrition KAP of pregnant women and the relationships between the status ofnutrition KAP and neonatal birth weight indicators were analyzed by t-test, one wayanalysis of variance, multiple linear regression and pearson correlation.Results1. The status of nutrition K-A-P of pregnant womenThe mean nutrition score of433pregnant women was23.05, and the passing ratewas74.6%. The awareness rate of diet nutrition value was high.93.3%of the pregnantwomen knew what foods contain abundant protein,88.2%knew the nutrition value ofvegetables,84.1%knew the nutrition value of beans and their products. However, less than80%of the pregnant women knew the hazards of folic acid deficiency, and59.1%of the pregnant women knew iron-rich foods. Most pregnant women would take theinitiative to get the nutrition knowledge. And the main ways to get the nutritionknowledge were network, professional books, newspapers and magazines, televisionbroadcasting and medical workers.54%of the pregnant women would take theinitiative to accept individual and professional dietary guidance.86.1%of the pregnantwomen often ate breakfast.36.3%of the pregnant women never participated in anyphysical exercise，however each exercise time of the pregnant women participated inphysical exercise was less than40minutes.2. The influcing factors of the nutrition of pregnant womenThe correlations between maternal nutrition knowledge, attitudes and practicewere significant positive. The results of multiple liner regression suggested that theinflucing factors of the nutrition of pregnant women were household registration type,education level, gestational stage, and the family atmosphere Score. The KAP score ofurban pregnant women was higher than that of pregnant women in rural areas. The KAPscore increased by levels of education. The longer the pregnancy time, the higher theKAP score. The KAP score were higher if the family atmosphere score was more than3.3. The conditions of neonateThere were435neonates in our study (including two pregnant women giving birthtwins), including232boys and203girls, accouting for53.3%, and46.7%,seperately.The average length of the neonates was49.85±1.17cm. The minimum weight of theneonates was1780g, the highest wight was4900g, and the averavg weight was3356.18±428.12g. There were48neonates with high birth weight, the incidence rate ofhigh birth weight was11.03%. There were3infants with low birth weight, theincidence rate of low birth weight was0.69%.4. The relationships between the status of nutrition K-A-P and neonatal birthweight indicatorsThe study showed that the KAP score of pregnant women and neonatal birthweight was negatively correlated, and the pearson correlation coefficient was-0.116.The results of multiple liner regression suggested that with increasing one score of maternal KAP score, the birth weight could decrease30.82g; with increasing onepregnancy BMI gain, the birth weight could increase69.01g; girls could decrease birthweight64.81g.Conclusion1. The KAP score of pregnant women was normal. The mastery of nutritioncommonsense was better, however, the mastery of diet structure and reasonable dietaccording to pregnancy stages was poor.2. The correlations between maternal nutrition knowledge, attitudes and practicewere significant positive.3. The main influcing factors of the nutrition of pregnant women were educationlevel, gestational stage, and the family atmosphere score.4. The average neonates birth weight was3356.18g. And the high birth weight ratewas higher than that in2006.5. The KAP score of pregnant women and neonatal birth weight was negativelycorrelated. Gender, gain weight during pregnancy, increasing BMI during pregnancywere influcing factors which affect neonate birth weight.