Studies On The Chemical Constituents And Antioxidant Activity And Bacteriostasis Of Cacalia Firma Kom

Parasenecio firmus Kom, also called cacalia firma kom, is a species of the genus parasenecio in the compositae family, which is treated as a kind of wild herb in folk. Although you can find it out in America, Europe and the Far East area, Jilin province in china is its main distribution. It is reported that there are50species approximately in china containing26species can be regarded as a kind of traditional Chinese medicine in Chinese folk.A systematic research was conducted to study the chemical composition, antioxidant activity and bacteriostasis of the cacalia firma kom, which can provide scientific basis for the further research and resource development of the cacalia firma kom. The main content in this research as follows:The chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of the cacalia firma kom were reviewed as well as other species in the same genus through consulting and browsing vast literatures firstly in order to provide the detailed information for the further research of cacalia firma kom.The extractive were divided into four parts namely petroleum ether extractive, ethyl acetate extractive, n-butanol extractive and water extractive according to the solvent extraction. Three monomeric compounds namely uracil, beta sitosterol and bean sterol respectively were seperated from the ethyl acetate extractive conducted silica gel column chromatography repeatedly and identified through the analysis of spectrometry, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum, physicochemical characteristics and related references. These monomeric compounds were seperated from the cacalia firma kom as well as uracil from the genus parasenecio for the first time.The content of uracil in the different parts of the cacalia firma kom was measured using HPLC method which was accurate, rapid, easy to oprate and suitable for detecting the content of uracil of the cacalia firma kom. Chromatographic column:ODS-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm); Variable wavelength ultraviolet detector; Mobile phase:methanol-0.05%Phosphoric acid solution (30:70); Velocity:1mL·min-1; The column temperature25℃; Detected wavelength:254nm; sample size:10μ L. Uracil maintains a good liner relationship with peak area between0.01μg-and0.12μg. The result showed that the content of uracil in different parts of the cacalia firma kom appeared significant differeces. The leaves showed the maximum content at0.0152%, while minimum in root at0.0026%. The antioxidant activity of the cacalia firma kom was assessed using oxidation method in vitro. The result showed that the cacalia firma kom can scaveng ABTS, DPPH free radicals obviously possessing a strong capability of antioxidant activity. With the concentration of samples increasing, the antioxidant activity improved significantly presenting a good concentration-response relationship. The extractive with the ethyl acetate showed the highest antioxidant activity. When the concentration of the ethyl acetate layer was at0.620mg/ml, the clearance ratio of scavenging ABTS free radicals of the extractive equals the same concentration of Vc. When the concentration of the ethyl acetate layer was at0.075mg/ml, the capability of scavenging DPPH free radicals of the extractive equals the same concentration of Vc. It pointed out the direction to the separation of antioxidant constituents.The bacteriostasis, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), thermal stability, ultraviolet stability and acid-base stability of extractive of the cacalia firma kom with total extract were evaluated using filter paper method. The result showed that the extractive of cacalia firma kom showed a significant bacteriostatic effect to five kinds of common pathogenic bacteria, such as staphylococcus aureus, and food putrefying bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of parasenecio firmus kom to staphylococcus aureus was50mg/ml. After being processed by121℃, ultraviolet irradiation60min and pH2-7, the extract still presented significant bacteriostatic action.The antibacterial activity and chemical constitute of the volatile oil of the cacalia firma kom were detected using GC-MS method. Forty-seven kinds of constituent finally were identified which was up to50%of total amount through analyzing the chromatographic peaks and retrieving mass spectrometry lobes figure in NIST standard mass spectrometry database. Chromatographic peak normalization method was used to eatimate the content of each constituent. The result demonstrated that the volatile oil of the cacalia firma kom were rich in fatty acid, paraffin, olefins, fatty alcohols, esters, sterols and so on. Hexadecanoic acid (19.00%), Tridecene (9.85%)、Caryophyllene oxide (8.05%)、Cycloundecene (6.04%).9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid (4.47%)、9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid (3.84%)、Spathulenol (2.97%)、Kaurene(2.83%)possessed a relative higher content.The results of antibacterial tests indicated that the volatile oil of cacalia firma kom presented a significant bacteriostatic effect to all the five kinds of bacteria tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the volatile was at1.25mg/ml to staphylococcus aureus as well as2.5mg/ml to streptococci and pasteurella. The volatile oil of the cacalia firma kom contained various antibacterial constituents which showed a significant antibacterial effects and provided basis for further research. Innovative features1. The chemical constituents of the cacalia firma kom were evaluated for the first time. Three monomeric compounds namely uracil, beta sitosterol and bean sterol respectively were seperated from the ethyl acetate extractive. These monomeric compounds were seperated from the cacalia firma kom as well as uracil from the genus parasenecio for the first time. Forty-seven kinds of compounds were identified from the volatile oil of the cacalia firma kom using GC-MS methods.2. The antioxidant activity of the cacalia firma kom was evaluated for the first time which can prepare for the further research.