Investigation Of Children’s Mortality Status Under5Years In Dandong From2005to2011

Under5mortality rate（U5MR）refers to the probability of a child born in theprovisions Year of death before age5, and reflects the level of children’s health，andalso a comprehensive reflection of the degree of difficulty of access to healthservices in a region, and the resulting health care services quality condition, oftenregards as an important indicator to measure a country’s level of development.Objective：To understand the situation of child death under5years in Dandong Cityform2005to2011, to analyze the leading causes of death，the difference of urbanand rural children for medical treatment，therefore obtained the theoretical basis forthe development of child health measures to further reduce mortality.Methods：Collecting the death surveillance data of children under5years old inDandong city from2005to2011.we established database and analyze statisticresults by SPSS16.0and Excel. Linear correlation analysis was used to analyze themortality rate tendency of children under5years, Descriptive statistic methods wereused to analyze the distribution of age and causes of death．The chi-square test wasused to analyze differences between gender, urban and rural groups.Results： The city, urban, rural neonatal mortality rate was8.59‰,6.63‰,9.14‰in2005, and5.19‰,4.51‰,5.55‰in2011.Infant mortality rate declined from11.32‰,9.55‰,11.81‰to6.53‰,6.01‰,6.80‰．U5MR declined from13.23‰,13.00‰,13.30‰to8.53‰,7.08‰,9.29‰. The constituent ofmortality under5years old include82.49％of infant death,61.47％of neonataIdeath and17.51％of death from1to4years old. The top six leading causes of deathin children under5years old were preterm birth or low birth weight，birth asphyxia，congenital heart disease, congenital anomaly, pneumonia, accident in turn. Theleading cause of death is different between urban and rural. In urban areas，preterm birth or low birth weight was in the first place, congenital anomalies and congenitalheart disease tied for second place, and the third was birth asphyxia, pneumonia andaccidents tied for fifth place. In rural areas, The leading death causes were pretermbirth or low birth weight, birth asphyxia, congenital heart disease, pneumonia,birth asphyxia, accident in turn. Children mortalities of preterm birth or low birthweight, pneumonia in rural area was significantly higher than those in urban. Theranks of death causes of children of under-5were different in7years．Preterm birthor low birth weight was always ranked first for seven consecutive years.The birthasphyxia qualifying decreased and then increased, The pneumonia ranking increasedin the nearly two years. Accident rose from the sixth place in2010to the third placein2011．Congenital heart disease dropped to the sixth place in2011. Children enjoyimparity sanitation services before death in rural and urban areas,．Rural receivedworse health services．Conclusion：1. The mortality of neonate，infant and children under5years old had a tendencyof decline from2005to2011in Dandong city．The mortality rates were lower thanthe national average．2. The mortalities of neonate，infant and children under5years old in rural areaswere significantly higher than those in urban．3. To decrease the mortality of children under5years old, more attention are neededto reduce the infant mortality,especially the neonatal mortality.4. Preterm birth or low birth weight still is first death causes of children. Birthasphyxia，congenital heart disease, congenital anomaly, pneumonia are also theimportant cause of death in Dandong city.5. It was a key method reducing rural and citywide neonatal mortality to improve thetherapy level for birth asphyxia and pneumonia in rural area.