Study On The Interveniton Effects On Elderly Nutirtion KAP By Applying Chinese Elder Dietary Guidelines

Purposes:In order to understand the current situation of the elderly nutritionKnowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) to the Chinese Eldly Dietary Guidelines, aninvestigation is carried out by questionare. The existing problems were found andthen a nutrition intervention program was developed to improve dietary nutritionattitude of the elderly, to enhance their control consciousness of bad eating habits,to change bad dietary habits and unreasonable dietary structure. Furthermore, withexploring effective intervention nutrition KAP programs for the Changchun Elders,a reference can be provided for the Administration to develop a better dietarynutrition intervention for the eldly.Methods:Two communities were randomly selected in Chaoyang District, Changchun.And within the two communities200elder people were selected as members ofthe control group and the intervention group according to the inclusion andexclusion criteria.100elderly people from the two communities were divided intofive groups respectively, each group including20members, in accordance with thegeographical-nearest-location principle. Meanwhile10researchers were dividedinto five groups, each group including2members. This study prior to theimplementation to the end of the six-month intervention activities isstaff-responsibility-fixed-principle, that is, each group of two researchers areresponsible at the same time for the intervention group and the control group, the40members.(1) The intervention mothed Selecting two communities�'questionare before intervention�'developingintervention methods�'carrying out nutrition intervention (intervention group:intensive nutrition knowledge education+enhancing dietary nutriton practiceinstruction; control group: intensive nutrition knowledge education)�'questionareafter intervention�'data analysis.(2) The specific implementationQuestionare before intervention: Before the intervention, survey the elderlypeople of the intervention and control group applying the Chinese dietaryguidelines and recover timely.Developing intervention methods: by result of the existing problems ofQuestionare before intervention, researchers try to developing flexible,Targetednutrition interventions.Carrying out nutrition intervention:1) Intensive nutrition knowledgeeducation: in the first week of each month, Monday、 Wednesday、Friday,researchers make intensive nutrition knowledge education to interventiongroup; Tuesday、Thursday、Saturday,researchers make the same intervention to thecontrol group. Individual is unable to participate in the intensive nutritionknowledge education, researchers gone their home to make so.2) Enhancingdietary nutriton practice instruction: the last three weeks of the1,2months,researchers make2times a week to intervention group with the principle of stafffixed responsibility; the3,4months, researchers enhance dietary nutriton practiceinstruction and telephone to the intervention group once a week; the5,6months,researchers telephone2times per week to the intervention group, educateand supervise the intervention group of older continue adhering the good dietaryhabits. every week of1-4months rearchers missd food intake registration form tothe intervention group at the time of enhaning dietary nutriton practice instruction.at the same time researchers recycled the completed registration form of last week,and spot the nutrients problems which been found in the registration form; everyweek of telephone follow-up in the first5-6months, the researchers asked the diet of one week about intervention group, record, make guidance timely, and makehome guidance when it is necessary.Questionare after intervention: last week of the sixth month, researchershousehold to the control and the intervention groups again and questioned with thesame questionnaire first.The statistical analysis of the data: statistics and analysis the improvedsituation of the intervention and control groups about before and after theintervention of “Chinese Elder Dietary Guidelines”. The data statistical analysisusing SPSS17.0.Results:(1) Each of the two communities have100old persons to take part in theintervenion.At the end of the nutriton instruction,Intervention group have94,control group have98. General comparison of the two groups, the difference of thetwo group olderly were not statistically significant (P>0.05), two groups ofelderly baseline is not significant.(2) Before the intervention, the difference of the two groups elderly aboutChinese dietary guidelines nutrition knowledge score was not statisticallysignificant (P>0.05). After the intervention, the difference of the two groupselderly about nutrition knowledge score was significant difference(P<0.01).Elderly of the intervention group before and after the intervention, the differenceof the score was significant difference (P <0.01); Elderly of the control groupbefore and after the intervention, the difference of the score was significantdifference (P <0.01).(3) Before the intervention, the difference of correct rate of entries about thetwo groups in elderly Chinese dietary guidelines nutrition attitude was notstatistically significant (P>0.05). After the intervention, the two groups of elderlycompare nutrition attitude, which are willing to change their eating habits for therational nutrition, nutrition is more important than taste, will take the initiative tocommunicate with others about knowledge of nutrition, want to make their diet more in line with the nutritional requirements, persuade the people of family andaround to chang dietary habits, and would try to change the habits of not wantingto drink milk,6entries differences statistically significant (P <0.05). Nutritionattitude comparison of the intervention group of older about China elderly DietaryGuidelines before and after the intervention, which want to make their diet more inline with the nutritional requirements, willing to change their eating habits for therational nutrition, nutrition is more important than taste, think it is influential forhealth to master the knowledge of nutrition, will take the initiative to communicatewith others about the knowledge of nutrition, will persuade the people of hisfamily and around to change their bad eating habits, think nutrition is playingimportant role in the prevention of chronic diseases, would like to learn moreabout the nutritional knowledge, it is possible to prevent hypertension and otherdiseases by diet, would try to change the habit of not wanting to drink milk,10entries was statistically significant (P <0.05). Nutrition attitude comparison of thecontrol group olderly before and after the intervention, which want to make theirdiet more in line with the nutritional requirements, think nutrition plays importantrole in the prevention of chronic diseases, it is possible hypertension and otherdiseases can be prevented by diet, willing to change their eating habits, would liketo know more knowledge of nutrition, nutrition is more important than taste,master the knowledge of nutrition affect to the health,7entries diferencestatistically significant (P <0.05).(4) Before the intervention, the difference of correct rate of entries about thetwo groups elderly in Chinese dietary guidelines nutrition behavior was notstatistically significant (P>0.05). After the intervention, the two groups of elderlycompare nutrition behavior, which have fruits every day, basically do not eat friedand grilled food, select mixed oil as cooking oil, insist on using salt spoon and oilpot, nutritional value of the food and nutritional needs were thinked about beforecooking, have breakfast every day, hate and basically do not eat pickled food, eatonly7~8minutes full on the dinner,8entries statistically significant difference (P <0.05). Nutrition behavior comparison of the intervention group olderly beforeand after the intervention, non-picky eaters partial eclipse of the habit, have fruitsevery day, often drinking, nasty and basically do not eat pickled food, basically donot eat oil fried and grilled food, select mixed oil as cooking oil, and insist onusing salt spoon and oil pot, consider the nutritional value of the food andnutritional needs before cooking, have breakfast every day,9entry in a statisticallysignificant difference (P <0.05). Nutrition behavior comparison of the controlgroup of older before and after the intervention, often drink water every day,basically do not eat fried and grilled food, select mixed oil as cooking oil, stickwith salt spoon and oil pot before cooking, consider the nutritional value of thefood and nutritional needs before cooking,5entries difference was statisticallysignificant (P <0.05).Conclusions:(1) It is helpful to improve elderly nutrition KAP by applying ChineseElderly Dietary Guidelines with nutrition knowledge education.(2) Dietary behavior plays a propaganda and strengthening effect to nutritionknowledge concentrated education. The combination, which can effectivelyimprove the nutritional level of KAP of elderly in community.(3) Intensive nutrition knowledge education and diatary nutrition behaviorenhancing instruction are suitable for the community Elders, and a reference forthe Administraton to work out nutrion intervention policies in accordance with theChinese Elderly Dietary Guidelines.