Research On The Chemical Constituents Of Black Ginseng And Comparison Among Black Ginseng,White Ginseng And Red Ginseng

Black ginseng is a new further manufactured ginseng product which is emerging in recent years. However, until recently, few papers on Black ginseng have been published in China while foreign countries especially in South Korea have been much investigates on it. Black ginseng is produced through selection of Ginseng, microorganism fermentation and steaming and exposing for nine times. The chemical composition and pharmacologica activities of Black ginseng varied significantly.Ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.) are dry root and stems that belong to Araliaceae. It is our traditional valuable Chinese herbal medicine. Chemical constituent of Panax ginseng have been studied more than70years. Saponins, carbohy drate, volatile oils,fat, amino acids and vitamins have been separated from Radix Ginseng roots successively. This experiment aimed at analyzing content of chemical composition (saponins, polysaccharide, amino acids and mineral matter) in Black ginseng, Red Ginsengand and White ginseng by chooseing stable and efficient test methods. Results as follow:1. Comparision in content of saponin. Common saponin are less or no in Black ginseng. Rgl、Re、 Rf、 Rg2、Rh1、 Rc、 Rb2in Black ginseng is extremely significant different among Red ginseng and White ginseng(P<0.01). Rh1、 Rc、 Rb2in White ginseng is sinificant different from Red ginseng(P<0.05)2. Comparision in content of polysaccharide.The order of the content is White ginseng(0.466%)>Red ginseng(0.324%)>Black ginseng(0.293%).There is a significant difference among all three materials.3. Comparision in content of amino acids. The order of the total content is White ginseng>Red ginseng>Black ginseng. There is extremely significant difference of Asp、Ter、 Ser、 Glu、 Gly、 Cys、 Leu、 Lys、 His、 Arg in Black ginseng among Red ginseng and White ginseng(P<0.01).Met in Black ginseng is significantly different from Red ginseng(P<0.05), Asp、 Ter、 Ser、 Glu、 Gly、 Cys、 Leu、 Lys、 His、 Arg in Red ginseng are extremely significantly different from White ginseng(P<0.01).4. Comparision in content of mineral substance. Cu、 Zn、 Fe、 Mg、 Mn、 K、 Al、Sn、 Ni、 Ca in Black ginseng are extremLy different among Red ginseng and White ginseng(P<0.01); Content of Calcium in Black ginseng is4.6×103mg/kg,much higher than that in Red ginseng and White ginseng.Contents of Pb、 Cd、 Cr、 V、 Co are all less than0.1mg/kg;Heavy metals such as Hg are extremLy low or were not detected.