Research On Nutrition And Food Safety For Lunch In Primary School Canteen Of Heping District Shenyang

Objective: To understand of the lunch dietary structure, energy and nutrient intakeslevel, analyzed the influential factors and propose policies to guide the students areasonable diet between the public primary schools and the schools for the children ofmigrant workers in Shenyang Heping District. To investigate the situation of foodsafety and analyze the problems in primary school dinning rooms of Heping district ofShenyang so as to propose resolutions to ensure the food safety of primary schooldinning rooms.Methods: Divided all primary schools into two categories, the public schools andthe schools for the children of migrant workers. Carried out the week consumptions ofthe various types of food in all the primary school canteens with accounting method,made continuous calculation and recording of the food, energy and nutrient intakesstatus for lunch per person per day. Took "Amount of Nutritional Supply for StudentLunch（WS/T100-1998）"as a standard and made a evaluation. Investigated the generalsituation of the school canteens and the awareness rates for the nutrition knowledge ofthe staffs.22dinning rooms of primary school of Heping district of Shenyang wereinvestigated using self-made "General Status Table Of School Dinning Room" toinvestigate the general status of dinning rooms, using "Checklist Of SpecialSupervision and Inspection On School Dinning Room" to make a special inspection,using "Dynamic Grade Table Of Food Safety Supervision On Catering Service " toconduct the assessment of dynamic grade, using self-made "Dinning Room ManagerQuality Questionnaire"to understand their quality, using self-made "Food NutritionHealth Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Questionnaire On Dinning Room Staffs" to investigate their food safety knowledge and behavior and attitude.Results: Students’ lunch dietary structure is unreasonable. In addition to the cerealintake was suitable, the beans and their products intakes were insufficient. Publicschools were only49%and the schools for the children of migrant workers reachedthe standard. Animal foods, vegetables and vegetable oil intakes were all excessive.Relative to the proposed standards, they were132.5%,134.5%and311%.There wereno milk and dairy products supplies in both two types of schools. The lunch supply ofnutrients is unbalanced. Energy, protein from animals and soybeans, Iron, Vitamin Aand Vitamin C intakes were all excessive. They were116.2%,121.4%,180.2%,142.5%and208.6%relative to the proposed standards. However, Calcium,Vitamin B1and Vitamin B2intakes didn’t reach the proposed standards, they wereonly40.6%,68%and68%.Only Zinc intake was suitable and reach the standard. Theareas of the canteen processing field in public primary schools were2times theschools for the children of migrant workers. There was no difference in theproportions of staffs and users between the two types of schools. There was anutritionist in only two schools among all the ten public schools, but none of theschools for the children of migrant workers had one. The meals had no differencebetween the two types of schools. The nutrition knowledge survey showed that thestaffs in the public schools had better nutrition knowledge. There were3815㎡architectural area and a total of3770students in22primary school canteens, Anaverage of1㎡canteen area supplies1student. The average age of canteen staffs was47.7years old, age between50and59accounted for47.2%of the total.The qualifiedrate of food safety knowledge of staffs was96%, but in the question about the time ofthe related records be retained and the question about food storehouse three-proof, thequalified rate were only21.1%and1.6%respectively. Of the22primary schoolcanteens,19were evaluated as excellent,3were good and no general, the excellentrate reached86.4%.12public primary school dinning rooms were all excellent, theexcellent rate reached100%, Of the10primary schools for children of migrant workers,7was evaluated as excellent,3was good, the excellent rate reached70%.The qualified rate of storage and feeding on food safety inspection aspect wereonly36.4%and50%respectively, On the architectural composition aspect, thedinning rooms with independent staples only accounted for59.1%of the total, withindependent storehouse accounted for86.4%and with separated food and non foodwarehouse accounted for47.4%.4.1%of the dinning room staffs wore jewelry andnails in the operation process.100%of the dinning room staffs showed willing to learnFood Safety Law and food safety knowledge. There was no significant difference onfood safety between public school and school for children of migrant workers.Conclusion:(1) The structure of the students lunch food was unreasonable. Theintakes of beans and their products were insufficient, the intakes of animal foods,vegetables and vegetable oil were excessive and there were lacks of milk and dairyproducts.(2)The intakes of energy, protein, fat, Iron, retinol, Vitamin C in the lunchfood were all more than the standards proposed by "Amount of Nutritional Supply forStudent Lunch",the intakes of Calcium, Vitamin B1and Vitamin B2were insufficient,they were only40.6%,60.8%and60.8%relative to the proposed standards.(3)helunch nutrition status in the schools for the children of migrant workers were betterthan the public schools.(4)Compared with the public schools, the migrant workers hadsmaller canteen processing fields and staffs with lower nutrition knowledge.(5) Theresult presents aging of staffs in the primary school dinning rooms of Heping district.The training of food safety knowledge is scarce, the status of food safety of Hepingdistrict is good, the main problems are storage and feeding on the aspects of foodsafety management.