| ObjectivesTo retrieve the adipose stem cells (ASCs) from extractives in abdomen liposuction and buccal fat pad in face contouring surgery, and to study the differences in various biological characteristics and proliferative potency of these two groups of ADSc after in vitro culture and osteogenic induction respectively. To explore the possibility of the human buccal fat pad as an alternative source for adipose stem cells, in further application in bone tissue engineering.Materials and methodsEach of10ml adipose tissue from buccal fat pad and abdomen liposuction was retrieved and then digested by type I collagenase respectively. Adipose stem cells were then harvested from centrifugal precipitates. In the14th day of primary culture, the two groups of cells were digested and counted. Thereafter, the ASCs were performed culture medium exchange every three days and passaged as the cell contact up to80%. The comparison of proliferative potencies in the two groups of ASCs was studied in the fifth passage with CCK-8kit after which the stem cells were induced into osteogenic cell lineage and ALP activities were then measured in the3rd,7th,14th day respectively.2Data analysis was processed by SPSS13.0software by the author, and P<0.05was considered as statistically significant difference. Results1As a specialized fat tissue, the buccal fat pad were observed with more abundant blood supply. Density of the ASCs retrieved from BFP was significantly higher than that from subcutaneous fat ((8.77±1.28)×104/ml vs (6.00±0.47) X104/ml). After the first48hours latent period in culture flask, the both groups of ASCs demonstrated a rapid proliferation. In the7th day, small cell clones scattered in the bottle was observed with little difference in cell form between the two groups while most of them were in spindle and polygonal shape. Compared with ASCs from liposuction, those from buccal fat pad expressed more homogeneous in morphology and faster speed in proliferation. 2The adipose stem cells in the fifth passage were tested to be positive in expression of cell surface markers CD44, while negative in that of CD34, implied that ASCs were in accordance with mesenchymal stem cell phenotype.3The growth curve were basically of the same curvature in the two groups of ASCs, while the speed of the ASCs from buccal fat pad was higher than that from liposuction. After osteoblasts induction cultured, the growth speed was significantly reduced in the both groups. After a latent period of the first3days, the growth speed of buccal fat pad ASCs was observed significantly faster than liposuction ASCs (P<0.05).4The results of alkaline phosphatase activity in the two groups of ASCs, were15.8u/100ml in buccal fat pad ASCs and9.43u/100ml in liposuction ASCs after3days of osteogenic culture,33.84u/100ml in buccal fat pad ASCs and18.66u/100ml in Liposuction ASCs in the7th day,61.56u/100ml(buccal fat pad) and45.03u/100ml (liposuction) in the14th day respectively, and all were in statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusions1As a specialized deep fat tissues, BFP contained much abundant ASCs which proved to be of better biological characteristics and greater proliferative potency than that from subcutaneous fat tissue.2The fat from buccal fat pad area was easily approached and retrieved without too complicated surgical procedures, and the damage was also small in donor site. Furthermore, in some oral and maxillofacial surgery, the buccal fat pad area might even need to be resected to discard.The buccal fat pad was observed of rich blood supply and rather similar size and weight that were independent of body weight and fat distribution.3.With advantageous anatomical relevance to the oral maxillofacial region, buccal fat pad could be used as a potential ideal seed cells source for bone tissue engineering. |
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