| Background and objectives:This study is supported by Program of Beijing Municipal S&T Commission, China (D08050703020803) to investigate the empirical knowledge discovery on Doctor Pu FuZhou and Doctor Xue Boshou.Purpose:This study includes three main objectives.(1) distill and summarize the clinical empirical knowledge of Doctor Pu FuZhou from theoretical perspective;(2) summarize the clinical succession mode and knowledge of Doctor Pu FuZhou to his prentices:Doctor Gao huiyuan and Doctor Xue Boshou;(3) investigate the feasibility and mode of technical approach, which incorporates human-computer interactions, to explore the empirical knowledge distilling and the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment patterns for heatness disease management of Doctor Pu FuZhou.Methods:Three methods are used to investigate this study.(1) systematically summarize the related references, books and citations of Doctor Pu’s heatness disease to theoretically outline the viewpoints and patterns of the clinical genre of Doctor Pu;(2) Using an established structured electronic medical record system, we collected the clinical cases of Doctor Pu, Doctor Gao and Doctor Xue and load these data to relational database. After that according to the different disease categories in these data, we use cluster analysis, association rule mining and complex network methods to explore the hidden patterns among the main clinical information elements like symptoms, syndromes, formulae and herbs, in these clinical data. The analysis results are improved by discussing with the supervisor;(3) According to the results from data mining, discussion with supervisor and the related references, it has the main aim to investigate and summarize the syndrome differentiation approach and idea on heatness disease treatment of the genre of Doctor Pu. Meanwhile, we also want to investigate whether the human-computer interaction approach is fit for empirical knowledge distilling of highly-experienced TCM physicians.Results:(1) According to the summarization of the related references of Doctor Pu FuZhou, the empirical knowledge for heatness disease treatment is outlined as following perspectives. Firstly, Integration of cold and heat treatment methods with treatment based on syndrome differentiation is one of the main characteristics. Secondly, emphasizing the diffusing process of Qi mechanism of exterior and interior and sanjiao. Thirdly, strengthening vital qi to eliminate pathogenic factor with the emphasis on the consolidation of Spleen and Stomach. Fourthly, emphasizing the application of epidemic infectious disease theories. Fifthly, emphasizing the recognition of attributions of heatness disease by using seasonal information. Finally, he had proposed the therapeutic solutions for encephalitis. Meanwhile, the characteristic of heatness disease treatment of Doctor Gao is:emphasizing the diffusing process of Qi mechanism of exterior and interior and sanjiao; with comprehensive understanding of pathology and flexible methodology, and be good at recognizing companioned syndromes; not just clear hot when seeing heat manifestation and not abuse bitter and cold herbs; protection with other herbs when using warm and hot herb for treatment due to its effect to injure Yin and Qi; with specialized herb prescriptions for lung related diseases.(2) Using data mining methods and the discussion approach, this thesis summarizes the clinical empirical knowledge of heatness disease treatment of my supervisor. The thesis has embodied the knowledge retransfer of heatness disease treatment of the great master:Doctor Pu. It is vital to understand and experience the clinical case to be high level clinical doctors. It is important to understand the concept of pestilent Qi and six climate exopathogens in six channels theory, the relationship between "five evolutive phases and six climatic factors","four seasons" and heatness disease. It is also important to understand the key knowledge in Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases and the related representative books on Plague Diseases. It would need to digest all the key theories to have high effective treatment. There are several important perspectives to improve the effectiveness, such as with good management of vital qi and pathogen and companioned syndromes, taking charge of the manifestation and root cause to protect Spleen and Stomach, understand the difference between different patients. The key points of the heatness disease treatment of the supervisor are summarized as several keywords:understanding classical references, knowing seasonal properties, integration of cold and warm treatment, management of pathogens and vital Qi, recognizing companioned syndromes, differentiating manifestation and root cause, protecting stomach Qi, differentiating different constitutions, emphasizing diffusing solution, with different stages. Conclusions:(1) The most important kinds of empirical knowledge of Doctor Pu’s genre is related to the treatment of heatness diseases, thus it is urgent to have a systematical summarization and study. The previous studies are all just using clinical cases and references to have summarization. While this thesis using different methods, which integrate the computing methods to perform the research to investigate the regularities of heatness treatment of both Doctor Pu and his prentices. It is obviously that this method is more efficiency than the previous methods to widely explore the clinical thoughts, diagnosis and treatment patterns and empirical knowledge of Doctor Pu’s genre. The current methods also integrate visualization approach to improve the knowledge retransferring of Doctor Pu’s genre.(2) Using data mining methods, we get the common regularities of diagnosis and treatment for heatness diseases of Doctor Pu’s genre. It is flexible to have individualized treatment for heatness disease and integrate the herb prescriptions from "Shanhan","WenBin" and "WenYi" to treat heatness disease; we also summarize the empirical knowledge of supervisor who inherit and develop the clinical knowledge of Doctor Pu to integrate reconciliation and purgation method to treat heatness diseases. Furthermore, the summarization of clinical use of Xiaochaihu Decoction and ShenJiang San of supervisor is useful for heatness disease treatment and clinical effectiveness improvement.(3) The analysis results which are got by using several data mining methods are also recognized by supervisor, this means that the approach of human-computer interaction methods with human as main decision factor is suitable for empirical knowledge distilling related research. |
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