Leiomyomatosis Peritonealis Disseminata

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare benign disease that mostly occur in reproductive age women. The pathogenesis of LPD is not exactly. But Endocrine factors, the peritoneum metaplasia smooth muscle metaplasia of subperitoneal mesenchymal stem cells of secondary mullerian system, iatrogenic factors and genetic factors are four hypotheses of LPD. As the symptom of LPD is not apparent, there are some difficulties in the diagnosis of LPD. Operation performance is some firm, pale gray tumors on the surface of the parietal layer of peritoneum and visceral layer.It contains spindle cell of smooth muscle observed under microscope. Some patients were treated by hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy and resection of nodules. For the casas with requirement of bearing, conservative treatments is allowed. The prognosis of LPD is mostly good. We review the articles using the keywords leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis searching from Medline and EMBASE. The history of about90cases of LPD is analysed to discuss the pathogenesis, pathology, diagnosis and treatment...