The Expression And Clinical Significance Of PRL-3in Wilms Tumor In Children

Objective：To investigate the expression of phosphatase of regener-at ing liver-3(PRL-3)in Wilms tumor and adjacent kidney tissue and to stu-dy the relationship between PRL-3expression and the clinical stage、path-ology grading、recurrence、chemotherapy、sex、age of Wilms tumor.Methods：Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Immunohistochemistry S-P were used to measure the expression ofPRL-3in39nephroblastoma specimens and30adjacent kidney tissues,andits Correlation with clinical stage、pathological type、recurrence、chemoth-erapy、sex、age was analyzed.Results：A total of39Wilms tumors was detected, containing30freshspecimens and9paraffin Specimens;30fresh adjacent kidney tissues and3recrudescent tumors were also detected. In39cases,male:22cases、female:17cases; age from1months to9years old, divided into four group:1months to1year old (infancy):8cases、1+~3years old (Toddler Period):18cases、3+~6years old (Preschool period):9cases、6+~9years old(Schoolage):4cases; stageⅠ:8cases、stageⅡ:8cases、stageⅢ：16cases、stage Ⅳ：7cases；good prognosis type34cases:5cases of embryo bud as themain type、10cases of epithelium as the main type、6cases of lobusintermedius as the main type、12cases of mixed type、1case of cysticpartly differentiation type; no bad prognosis type; other type(clear cellsarcoma of kidney):5cases.11cases did preoperative chemotherapy. Theresult was:(1)The expression of PRL-3in nephroblastoma:the positive rateof PRL-3mRNA and protein in Wilms Tumors was60.0%(18/30)、61.5%(24/39), respectively, while that in the adjacent kidney tissues was13.3%(4/30)、16.7%(5/30).The expression of PRL-3mRNA and proteinwas significantly different between Wilms Tumors and adjacent kidneytissues(χ2=5.165.34,P<0.05).(2)The expression of PRL-3in nephroblasto-ma of different phase:the positive expression rate of PRL-3mRNA andprotein in stage I、stage II、stageⅢ、stage IV of Wilms Tumors was14.3%(1/7)、57.1%(4/7)、72.7%(8/11)、100%(5/5);12.5%(1/8)、50.0%(4/8)、75.0%(12/16)、100%(7/7),respectively.The positive expression rate ofPRL-3mRNA and protein gradually increased with the clinical stageincreasing, there was significantly different in different stages(P2tail<α’=0.0083)，Spearman correlation analysis showed that the expression ofPRL-3mRNA and protein was positively correlated with the clinicalstage(r’s=0.857、0.839,P<0.05). The expression of PRL-3mRNA andprotein was significantly different between Wilms Tumors and adjacentkidney tissues in different stages except stage Ⅰ(P2tail<0.05).（3）The expression of PRL-3in nephroblastoma of different pathological type: Theclear cell sarcoma of kidney has been listed as the poor prognosis type ofthe Wilms’ tumor,then it was argued as Wilms’ tumor due to the originfactor,but now frequently-used NWTSG-5(National Wilms’Tumor StudyGroup-5) lists it as the other type of Wilms’ tumor,so we list it as the othertype of Wilms’ tumor.In the clear cell sarcomas of kidney which the degreeof malignancy was severe and good prognosis tissues which the degree ofmalignancy were light, the positive expression rate of PRL-3mRNA was100%(5/5)、52.0%(13/25),respectively,while the protein of that was100%(5/5)、55.9%(19/34),respectively. The expression of PRL-3mRNAand protein was significantly different between different degree ofmalignancy tissues(P2tail=0.0049、0.0084<0.05).The positive expressionrate of PRL-3mRNA and protein in various types of the good prognosistype showed no significant difference (P2tail>α＇=0.0083).（4） Theexpression of PRL-3in recurrent nephroblastoma: the positive expressionrate of PRL-3mRNA and protein in recurrent Wilms Tumors were both100%(3/3),and their primary tumors all expressed positively.（5）Therelationship between the expression of PRL-3in Nephroblastoma and thepre-operative chemotherapy: the positive expression rate of PRL-3mRNAand protein in Wilms Tumors by pre-operative chemotherapy was42.9%(3/7)、45.5%(5/11); while that without pre-operative chemotherapywas65.2%(15/23)、67.9%(19/28).The expression of PRL-3mRNA and protein was significantly different between pre-operative chemotherapygroup and the group without pre-operative chemotherapy(P2tail=0.0348，0.0389<0.05).(6) The relationship between the expression of PRL-3inNephroblastoma and sex: the positive expression rate of PRL-3mRNA andprotein in male patients was62.5%(10/16)、63.6%(14/22),respectively;57.1%(8/14)、68.9%(10/17) in female patients. There was no significantdifferent between male and female(P2tail=0.8743,0.8749>0.05).(7) Therelationship between the expression of PRL-3in Nephroblastoma and age:the positive expression rate of PRL-3mRNA and protein in the four agegroup (above-mentioned) of Wilms Tumors was62.5%(5/8)、58.3%(7/12)、57.1%(4/7)、66.7%(2/3);62.5%(5/8)、66.7%(11/18)、55.6%(5/9)、75.0%(3/4)，respectively.The positive expression rate of PRL-3mRNA andprotein in different age group of Wilms Tumors showed no significantdifference(P2tail>α＇=0.0083).Conclusions：PRL-3is obviously expressed in Wilms tumor and clos-ely related to the clinical stage、malignant degree、recurrence of it, suggest-ing that PRL-3may be one of the mechanism of nephroblastoma and its m-RNA and protein may become one of the predictors of judging the clinicalstage、malignant degree and determing the possibility of recurrence of Wil-ms tumor and provide a strong basis for formulating the treatment.