The Effect Of Trace Element Strontium Prevention On Cardiovascular Diseases

ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of trace element strontium prevention on cardiovasculardiseases, focusing on assessing of the different concentration strontium waterprevention on SHR elevated blood pressure and on experimental rabbits fed withhigh-fat diet in the process of atherosclerotic plaque formation.MethodsOne hundred and seven juvenile SHR were randomly divided into five groups fromA to E: the pure water control group and the strontium water groups with differentconcentration. There were a total of ten blood pressure measurements during theexperiment. At the starts and the ends of the experiment, blood glucose, four items ofblood lipids, liver function and renal function were detected. Serum endothelin-1,rennin, angiotensin-Ⅱ and noradrenalin were tested by Elisa. NF-κB, VCAM-1andICAM-1levels of aortic were detected by immunohistochemical method. Thepathological changes of aorta, heart, liver, kidney and brain tissue HE staining sliceswere observed by optical microscope.Seventy-one New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups from Ato E: the pure water control group and the strontium water groups with differentconcentration. High fat diets were fed to all rabbits for twelve weeks. At the starts andthe ends of the experiment, four items of blood lipids, blood glucose, liver functionand renal function were tested, and then serum inflammatory factor as high sensitiveC reactive protein, endothelin-1, interleukin-2and interleukin-6were detected byElisa. The percentages of the atherosclerotic plaque area were calculated. The aorticHE staining slices were observed by optical microscope. According to atherosclerosis,they were classified into four levels of classification standards: the mild, moderate,severe and no significant changes, comparing the differences between them. The pathological changes of heart, liver, kidney and brain tissue HE staining slices wereobserved by optical microscope.ResultsSHR1.When SHR become adults, group E began to show a trend of decrease inblood pressure compared with group A(P＜0.05).Group D and E bloodpressure are significantly lower than group A in the tenth, eleventh, andtwelfth weeks(P＜0.01). Blood pressure in Group B and C declinedcompared with that in group A. With the increasing of the strontiumwater concentration, blood pressure showed a gradual decline in thegeneral trend. In group B-E, blood pressure was lower than that in groupA(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).2. After strontium water feeding, there wasn’t obvious difference in bloodglucose, four items of blood lipids, liver function and renal function.3.Among all groups, there was no significant difference in ET-1, renin,Ang-Ⅱ and NA after the feeding of strontium water(P＜0.05).4.The integrated optical density（IOD）of NF-κB, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1inaorta of group B-E are significantly lower than that in group A(P＜0.01).The NF-κB, VCAM-1and ICAM-1expression showed a decreasing trendaccompanied with the increasing of strontium water concentration (P＜0.01).New Zealand rabbits1. After high fat diet of twelve weeks, a generally decreasing trend could beseen from the increased level of four items of blood lipids in group A, B,C, D and E. Increased four items of blood lipids level in group D andgroup E were significantly lower than that in group A.2. After the feeding of strontium water, there wasn’t obvious difference inblood glucose, liver function and renal function.3. Hs-CRP, ET-1, IL-2, IL-6of all groups significantly increased after strontium water feeding than those before (P <001), but there were nosignificant differences between groups (P>0.05).4.The atherosclerotic plaques area gradually reduced from group A to groupE with increased concentration of strontium water(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).5. Pathological findings showed: aortas of experimental rabbits in eachgroup were consisted of types of the mild, moderate, severeatherosclerosis and no significant changes. The most of group A weresevere, while the mild or no significant changes were the majority ingroup E. The overall trend from group A to group E was graduallyalleviation.Conclusion1. Trace elements strontium can delay the rise of SHR blood pressure andreduce the fluctuation of blood pressure. Its hypertension preventionmechanism may be due to inhibition of the classical pathway of NF-κBby decreasing VCAM-1, ICAM-1and other inflammatory factors toreduce the blood vessel wall damage.2. Within the scope of the safe dose, it has no significant effect on bloodglucose, four items of blood lipids, liver function and renal function when thetrace element strontium prevents high blood pressure.3. The trace element strontium can delay the process of atheroscleroticplaque formation by improvement of the lipid metabolism, and the higherconcentration of strontium water, the effect is the more remarkable.4. Within the scope of the safe dose, it has no significant effect on bloodglucose, liver function and renal function when the trace element strontiumdelays the process of atherosclerotic plaque formation.