Study On The Changes Of Vitamins Content In Pineapple Fruit

Pineapple(Ananas comosus (L.)Merr), with special flavor and rich in nutrient, is favored by consumers worldwide. It is one of the three major tropical fruit in the world. Vitamin composition and content is one of the important factors of fruit quality and nutrient composition. To better understand the change pattern of vitamins content of pineapple friut and factors affect the change,we carried out the following study.1, Vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B3, vitamin B12and vitamin B6contents in the fruit at four different ripening stages(green mature stage, ripening stage, ripe stage and overripe stage)of four varieties, Comte de paris, Cayenne, MD-2and Tainung19, were analysed;2, Vitamins content in mature fruit(ripening stage) of eleven pineapple varieties including Shenwan, Tainung11, MD-2, Tainung17, Cayenne, Tainung19, Comte de paris, Phuket, New Phuket, Golden Winter Sweet and purple crown Comte de paris(a mutation of Comte de paris) were analysed;3, Vitamins content in the fruit of Comte de paris and Cayenne matured in winter and summer, in three production areas were analysed. The results are as follows:1. Vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin B3contents in the fruit flesh of the four varieties increased with the maturity of the fruit, vitamin B12and vitamin B6contents decreased with the maturity of the fruit during green mature stage to overripe stage. The content of vitamin A in the fruit of Comte de paris had a large fluctuation varied between0.0020mg/g-0.0038mg/g, vitamin B3content of MD-2between0.0046mg/g-0.0110mg/g, vitamin C and vitamin B6content of Tainung19between0.0885mg/g-0.2608mg/g and0.0125mg/g-0.0698mg/g respectively, and vitamin B12content of Cayenne showed a largest fluctuation varied between0.0056mg/g-0.0165mg/g. Compare the vitamins content in the fruit of four varieties at four mature stages, the content of vitamin A at green mature stage and vitamin B12at ripe stage of Cayenne, vitamin C and vitamin B3at ripe stage of MD-2, and vitamin B6at overripe stage of Tainung19were the highest. Vitamin B12had not been detected in the fruit of Comte de paris, and vitamin B6had also not been detected in the fruit at green mature period of Comte de paris.2. In eleven pineapple varieties, vitamin C, vitamin A and vitamin B3contents varied between0.10mg/g-0.23mg/g,0.0016mg/g-0.0038mg/g,0.0038mg/g-0.024mg/g respectively. Vitamin B6content varied between0.0045mg/g-0.067mg/g showed most various change. Vitamin B12in the fruit of Comte de paris, Tainung11, Golden Winter Sweet, Phuket and New Phuket had not been detected, in other varieties the content varied between0.0020mg/g-0.012mg/g. In all varieties determined, the content of vitamin A, vitamin C and vitamin B6in diffent cultivars were significantly different, but there were not significant different in that of vitamin B3and vitamin B12content seems contrary. Vitamin B3and vitamin B6in the fruit of Golden Winter Sweet were the highest, vitamin C in the fruit of Tainung11and vitamin A in the fruit of Cayenne were obviously higher than other varieties. The highest content of vitamin B12was in the fruit of Tainung19.3. Contents of five kinds of vitamin were significantly different in the fruit of Comte de paris produced in three areas. Vitamin A and vitamin C content in the fruit of Cayenne produced in Zhanjiang and Hainan were not significantly different, but were significantly higher than the fruit produced in Yunnan; the other three vitamins content were significantly different in the fruit produced in three different areas. For the winter fruit, the content of vitamin C in the fruit produced in Hainan was significantly higher than that in other areas, and vitamin B6in the fruit produced in Yunnan and Hainan were significantly higher than that in Zhanjiang. For the summer fruit, the content of vitamin C in the fruit produced in Zhanjiang was significantly higher than that in other areas, and vitamin B3in the fruit produced in Yunnan were significantly higher than other areas. The content of vitamin C, vitamin B3and vitamin B6of two varieties in winter fruit were lower but vitamin A and vitamin B12were higher compared to summer fruit. Vitamin E content was detected between0.10-0.25mg/g in the winter fruit of Comte de paris and Cayenne,but not detected in the fruit of summer.The content of vitamin B12in the fruit of Comte de paris in Zhanjiang and vitamin B6in the fruit of Comte de paris in Hainan had not been detected.