The Expression And Significance Of Cellular Adhesive Molecular CD44S And CD44V5in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

BackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) is the primary malignant tumors of the oral andmaxillofacial region and usually accounts for more than80%of carcinoma of themaxillofacial region. OSCC is easy to local invasion and metastasis. The localrecurrence and metastasis is the leading cause of death of OSCC patients. So, It play acrucial role in improving the postoperative survival rate and quality, reducingrecurrence and mortality of patients if we can find markers of OSCC before it appears,improve the rate of early diagnosis of OSCC and fight to prevent cancer in apre-cancerous or early stage.Invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors is a very complex biologicalphenomenon.Whether in the process of tumor cell detachment from the primarytumor,in the formation process of heterogeneous or homogeneous tumor thrombus inthe vascular wall, or in the process of tumor cell invasion and metastasis, cellularadhesive molecular(CAM) in which to play an important role. CAM is theimplementation of the cell adhesion function, is located on the cell surfaceglycoprotein. CAM participates in a variety of physiological and pathologicalprocesses of multi-cellular organisms, through mediates the interaction between celland cell, cell and extracellular matrix (ECM). Studies have shown that CAM not onlyparticipates in the formation of an embryo,maintain normal tissue structure,immuneresponse and inflammation, but also mediates the interaction between tumor cell and host cell and ECM. CAM plays an important role in the multi-stage sequential processof tumor metastasis.CAM family’s CD44S especially CD44V is related with theadhesion capacity of tumor cells and surrounding matrix.The selective expression ofthem in metastatic tumors and the interaction between them and cytoskeleton play animportant role in tumor invasion and metastasis.They are often used as indicators ofthe diagnosis or judgment of human malignancies.ObjectiveBy detecting CD44S and CD44V5expression in OSCC and normal oral tissue (NOT),to explore CD44S and CD44V5expression in OSCC whether there are differences, tolearn about the relationship between the expression of CD44S and CD44V5in OSCCand gender, age, tumor size, pathological grade, clinical stage and lymph nodemetastasis. to explore the expression and their clinical significance of cellular adhesivemolecular CD44S and CD44V5in OSCC.MethodsThe expression of CD44S and CD44V5were examined by usingimmunohistochemical streptomycin antibiotic proteins-peroxidase(SP) method in12cases of NOT and59cases of OSCC with different clinicopathological parametersremoved by Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the First AffiliatedHospital of Anhui Medical University from2007to2011provided by Department ofPathology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. All of OSCCspecimens selected by the initial and clear clinic diagnosis, neitherradiotherapy,chemotherapy and other anti-tumor treatment history nor carcinoid tumorhistory. The specimens of NOT were taken from patients of removal theambush-impacted third molar and alveolar ridge trimmed. ResultsThe positive expression rates of CD44S and CD44V5in OSCC were apparently higherthan in NOT. There was significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05). Thepositive expression rate in well-differentiated group in OSCC was significantly lowerthan in the moderately and poorly differentiated group(P＜0.05). There was significantdifference between lymph node metastasis and without lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05). The positive expression rate in stage Ⅲ~Ⅳ of OSCC was significantly higherthan in stageⅠ~Ⅱ(P＜0.05). The positive expression rates of CD44S and CD44V5inOSCC was significant difference with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymphnode metastasis(P＜0.05). And it was no significant difference with sex,age and tumorsize(P＞0.05).Furthermore, the positive expression rate and staining depth of CD44Sand CD44V5increase with OSCC pathological grade and clinical stage.The positiveexpression rate and staining depth with lymph node metastasis were significantlyhigher than without lymph node metastasis. Moreover, there was correlation betweenthe expression of CD44S and CD44V5in OSCC(G=0.572).ConclusionsThe expression of CD44S and CD44V5are closely related with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph node metastasis of OSCC. And it was no significantdifference with gender, age and tumor size.The abnormal expression of CD44S andCD44V5in OSCC were correlated with invasion and metastasis.It could be used asmarker to predict potential of invasion and metastasis of OSCC.Detection CD44S andCD44V5expression levels of molecules can be used for early diagnosis of OSCC.It isconducive to the clinical formulation of OSCC surgery programs and integratedtreatment programs. It is advantageous to improve the postoperative survival rate andquality, to reduce recurrence and mortality of patients.