Clinical Studies On Extrapulmonary Manifestations Of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection In Children

Mycoplasma pneumoniae represents the smallest self-replicating organisms in both cellular dimensions and genome size, that are capable of cell-free existence, with no cell wall. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common etiological factor in lower respiratory tract infection in children.Mild mycoplasma pneumoniae infection may only show paroxysmal irritating cough, fever, coarse breathing sound or only dry rale can be heard. Severe infections can cause pneumonia, pleural effusion, pulmonary abscess, pulmonary consolidation, Mycoplasma infection sometimes may complicate with multiple organ system dysfunction. It’s widely involved in the extra pulmonary clinical manifestation. Extra pulmonary manifestations of M. pneumonia infection may be found in neurologic system, cardiovascular system, hematologic system, digestive system, the skin and mucous, muscle and articular system, the ear and ophthalmus etc. It may be accompanied symptoms of Mycoplasma pneumonia, and can also be independent performance without respiratory symptoms, Mycoplasma pneumoniae can be transmitted to all parts of the body organs and tissues by hematogenous dissemination, and so induce extrapulmonary injuries. Approximately25%of the population of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection patients can occur extra-pulmonary symptoms, these symptoms often occur simultaneously, before or after the respiratory symptoms. Clinical complications also can be seen as the only forms of extrapulmonary injury cases without typical symptoms of respiratory tract.Autoimmune responses were seen closely related with extra pulmonary complications of mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection. However, the wide application of PCR technology greatly deepened on Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection of systemic dissemination of knowledge. Mycoplasma pneumoniae in extrapulmonary sites such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, pericardial effusion, synovitis and damaged skin tissue exist widely, and have been obtained by PCR and culture methods, so direct invasion is an important way of extrapulmonary complications of mycoplasma.The present study reviewed the clinical data and the extrapulmonary manifestations, analyzed the clinical diagnosis and treatment characteristics of mycoplasma pneumonia infection in children. We expected to obtain some beneficial experience to guide the clinical treatment and to minimize misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumonia in children.