Study On The Anti-inflammatory Chemical Constituents Of Comastoma Pedunculatum (Royle EX D. Dou)Holub

The herbal of Comastoma pedunculatum (Royle ex D. Don) Holub (Gentianaceae), was recorded in ’Jingzhubencao’ and widely used in Tibet with the name ’Sangdou’ which has the effects of hepatoprotect, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, normalizing gallbladder, has been used to treat hepatitis, liver fibrosis and cholecystitis in traditional Tibetan medicine as ’Zangyinchen’.Previously, we investigated chemical constituents of the hepatoprotective EtOAc-soluble portions of the70%EtOH extract from the whole plant of Comastoma Pedunlulatum. Further systematic investigation of the anti-inflammatory n-BuOH fraction has been taken by various kinds of chromatographic methods. The isolates were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods as well. Some of them were assayed for their bioactivities.Thirty compounds were isolated from n-BuOH fraction, including twenty triterpenoid saponins:3β,16β,23-trihydroxy-13,28-epoxyolean-11-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopy-ranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1),3β,16β,23-trihydroxy-13,28-epoxyolean-11-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopy-ranoside (2),3β,16β,23-trihydroxy-13,28-epoxyolean-11-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-fucopy-ranoside (3),3β,16β-dihydroxy-13,28-epoxyolean-11-ene-23-oxo-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-fucopyranoside (4),3β,16β,23,28-tetrahydroxy-13α-methoxyolean-12-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-fucopyranoside (5),3β,16β,23,28-tetrahydroxy-13α-methoxyolean-12-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-fucopyranoside (6),3β,16β,23,28-tetrahydroxy-13α-methoxyolean-12-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (7),3β,16β,23,28-tetrahydroxy-13a-methoxyolean-12-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-[β-D-glucopyra-nosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-fucopyranoside (8),3β,16β,23,28-tetrahydroxyolean-11,13-diene-3-O-β-D-glucopy-ranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-fucopyranoside (9),3β,l6β,23-tri hydroxy-13,28-epoxyurs-11-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-fucopyranoside (10),3β,16β,23-trihydroxy-13,28-epoxyurs-11-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1^2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-fucopyranoside (11), saikogenin F (14),3-O-β-D-fucopyranosylsaikogenin F (15), clinoposaponin XV (16), saikosaponin A (17),6-acetylsaikosaponin A (18), clinoposaponin I (19), bupleuroside I (20), clinoposaponin XII (21), saikosaponin b3(22); five xanthone glysosides:1,4,6-trihydroxy-8-O-[2-(4’-hydroxy-3’-methoxy-E-cinnamyl)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-xanthone (12),1,4,6-tri hydroxy-8-O-[2-(4’-hydroxy-E-cinnamyl)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopy-ranosyl]-xanthone (13), Norswertiaglucoside (23), Norswertianin-1-O-primeveroside (24),1-O-primeveroside-4,6,8-trihdroxy-xanthone (25); five flavone glysosides:3’,5,7-trihydroxy-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-flavone (26), swertisin(27),3’,4’,5,7-tetra hydyoxy-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-flavone (28),3’,4’,5-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-6-C-β-D-glucopyranosyl-flavone (29), rutin (30). Among them, compounds1-13are new, named comastomasaponins A-K, comastomasides E-F.14、15、19-26、28-30were isolated from this genus for the first time.Twenty triterpenoid saponins isolated from n-BuOH extraction. were investigated for several biological activity assays in vitro, we found that compound9,15,16,17,18,19,21showed a potent activity against the production of NO at the concentration of10-5M, partly because they can inhibit the proliferation of mice macrophage. compounds1,5,6,7,8,14,15,16,17,19,20,22exhibited a potent hepatoprotective activity against a damage of hepatocyte at the concentration of10-5M;. Only compound16(10-6M) exhibited cytotoxic activity to the four human cancer cells (HCT-8, Bel-7402, BGC823, A2780). Those compunds did not exhibit anti-HIV activity at the concentration of10-5M.