The Spatial Differences And Changes Of Longevity Level In Shandong Province

Exploring the spatial patterns and its relationship with environmental factors in health status and life phenomenon or process, is of great theoretical significance in the study of medical geography. Longevity in some areas is not only a kind of phenomenon of population, but also closely related to the background of natural geographical environment and socio-economic environment. Studying the spatial differences and changes of longevity level in some areas, is helpful to reveal the factors which can impact our life. It also has important theoretical and practical significance to solve the problems in the aging process, and achieve the healthy aging of population.In this paper, by consulting the Statistical Yearbook of Shandong Province, yearbooks, census data, I summarize the relevant data of the oldest old in Shandong Province. Then I take the county (or district) as the basic unit, use the ways of historical documents, GIS spatial analysis and statistical analysis. I also take the quantity, the proportion, urban and rural distribution of the centenarians, the elderly population coefficient as indicators, so that I can dynamically analysis the spatial differences and changes characteristics of longevity level in Shandong Province from multiple perspectives. The following main conclusions are generalized. First, whether the absolute number or relative number, the differences of areas are quite obvious. The second, the longevity population is aggregated distribution. There are several regions in Shandong Province, which are significantly higher in longevity level:one is the Jiaodong Peninsula, especially coastal areas, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai included; two is the mountain area in the middle and south of Shandong, Linyi is the most typical; three is the plains in the southwest of Shandong, including Heze, Jining, Zaozhuang. The third, the longevity level of rural are higher than urban. The fourth, longevity level and the degree of aging are closely related. Then, according to the spatial differences and changes of longevity level in regions, I explore the correlation between the longevity level and regional non-individual factors, using natural factors and socio-economic factors, following conclusions are reached: in addition to congenital genetic factors, environmental and longevity have close relationship. Two main aspects lead to the spatial differences and time-varying impact of Shandong Province longevity levels:(1) natural conditions, which includes appropriate temperature, appropriate amount of solar radiation, and relatively abundant rainfall and favorable terrain, drinking water resources with high quality, a suitable composition of the soil, abundant vegetation, etc.(2) socio-economic conditions, which includes higher-level economic development, healthy and regular lifestyle and agreeable culture environment. Then I analysis the specific factors which can affect the longevity level in-depth, in order to provide some theoretical guidance in taking effective measures to promote the health and longevity of the elderly population. Finally, through this study, I offer some suggestions to age work in Shandong Province.