Fingerprint Of Syngnathus, Hippocampus And Mussel

Fingerprint analysis was accepted and widely used in quality control systems ofChinese Traditional Medicines. Some methods, including infrared spectrum （IR）,high-pressure liquid chromatography （HPLC）, gas chromatography （GC） and gaschromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, have been proposed for thefingerprint analysis; but fingerprint technology was rarely used in the quality controlof marine drugs. Hence, Developing a validated method for the quality control ofmarine drugs was essential. In the text, the IR and HPLC fingerprint of Syngnathus,Hippocampus and Mussel was developed and used for the species identification andtracing to the producing area.1. IR-fingerprint of Syngnathus: A validated IR method coupled with clusteranalysis, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis had been developedfor the study of the IR-fingerprint of33batches Syngnathus. The reference fingerprintspectra of Syngnathus was establish by using similarity analysis and cluster analysis.The species identification was achieved by using principal component analysis anddiscriminant analysis. The experimental results indicated that the samples of same specieshad the similar characteristic peaks of IR spectra and could be clustered together. Basedon the result of principal component analysis, the main characteristic peaks(3010.4³006.5cm^-1、1745.3¹741.4cm^-1、1467.6¹463.7cm^-1、1417.4¹413.6cm^-1、1168.7¹164.8、723.2⁷19.3cm^-1、2925.5²919.7cm^-1、2854.2²850.3cm^-1) were usedto develop the discrimination function for different species of Syngnathus. The accuracy ofthe function could attain to98.75%. The method had a good stability, precision andreproducibility, and was a very reliable and useful method for the speciesidentification and quality assessment of Syngnathus.2. IR-fingerprint of Hippocampus: A effective IR method coupled with clusteranalysis, principal component analysis and discriminant analysis had been developedfor the study of the IR-fingerprint of33batches Hippocampus. The experimentalresults showed that the samples of same species had the similar characteristic peaks of IRspectra and could be clustered together. On the basis of the result of principalcomponent analysis, the absorption peaks (3305.4³297.7cm^-1、2919.7²915.9cm^-1、2852.2²848.4cm^-1、1656.6¹652.7cm^-1、1542.8¹538.9cm^-1、1456.0¹452.2cm^-1、1045.2¹041.4cm^-1) were the main characteristic peaks and were used to develop the discrimination function for distinguishing different species of Hippocampus. The accuracyof the function could reach93.55%. The established method had a good stability,precision and reproducibility, and was a very reliable and useful method for thespecies identification and quality assessment of Hippocampus.3. Fingerprint of Mussel by IR and HPLC:（1） IR-fingerprint of raw material of Mussel: In the experiment, cluster analysis andsequential analysis of dual-indexes were utilized to investigate the IR-fingerprint ofMussel collected from six places. The results demonstrated that the effect of clusteranalysis was relatively poor and it was difficult to find out the regular sequences of24samples. By contrast, the17Mussel samples could be completely separated when thesequential analysis of dual-indexes was applied, and the accurate relationship between the17samples could be inspected and expressed by quantitative relationships, but the methodwas more difficult than the clustering analysis if the sample size was too large, since amass of data such as common peak ratio and variation peak ratio of the IR-fingerprintspectra were processed and analyzed statistically. Finally, the present finding revealed thatIR-fingerprint coupled with the methods of cluster analysis and sequential analysis ofdual-indexes could serve as a rapid and non-destructive analytical method for identificationof Mussel from different places, and it would be a feasible way for tracing the origin ofMussel and provide a reference for geographical origin traceability of other seafood.（2） IR-fingerprint of ethanol extracts of Mussel: A validated IR spectrum methodcoupled with cluster analysis, principal component analysis and load factor analysishad been developed for the study of the IR-fingerprint of mussel’s ethanol extract. Theexperimental results of similarity analysis indicated that similarity of21batches of musselsamples was higher than0.9, which was according with the fingerprint technique criterion.The samples from the same region had the similar characteristic peaks of infrared spectraand could be clustered together. According to the principal component analysis model,the first two principal components （PC1and PC2） accounted for96%of the varianceinformation in the fingerprint region, and each sample was able to form distinct cluster inthe principal component space, then the identification of mussel from the six regions wasbasically achieved. Besides, to some extent, the sparse density of the samples distributionreflected the genetic relationship. The loading factors of the model were analyzed, and theresults indicated that the differences between mussel samples mostly depended on thecontents of unsaturated fatty acids and phosphatides. The contents of unsaturated fatty acids in mussel samples from Haikou and Xiamen were highest in all samples, and thecontents of phosphatides in mussel samples from Dalian and Yantai were highest in allsamples. On the whole, FTIR combined with cluster analysis and principal componentanalysis provided an effective way to evaluate the regions of mussel rapidly andnondestructively.（2） HPLC-fingerprint of alcohol extracts of Mussel: HPLC-fingerprint of Musselcontaining13mutual peaks, was established according to the analysis of10samples underthe optimum chromagraphic conditions. The fingerprint could be used as identification ofMussel, and provide a scientific basis to the further study of its medicinal activeingredients and the authenticity of identification. Besides, HPLC-fingerprint combinedwith cluster analysis and principal component analysis provided an effective way toevaluate the regions of mussel.