The Influence Of Different Extra Stimulation On Delay Aversive In Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Under the condition of different extra stimulation, the present study examined thevariation of delay aversive in the two groups (ADHD group and normal control group,who are the objects of the study) by the method of group study and the paradigm ofchoice-delay task (C-DT).This study includes two experiments. Experiment1examined the level of delayaversive in the both group (ADHD and normal control) under the three different visualconditions including baseline, additional meaningless visual stimulation and additionalmeaningful visual stimulation by the task of choice delay which added two differentvisual extra stimulations. The results demonstrated that，between the ADHD group andnormal control group, there is a significant difference in the baseline condition, there isa significant difference in the additional meaningless visual stimulation condition, andthere is a significant difference in the additional meaningful visual stimulation condition;between the baseline condition and additional meaningful visual stimulation condition,there is a significant difference in the performance of ADHD group. Experiment2examined the level of delay aversive in the both group (ADHD and normal control)under the three different auditory conditions including baseline, additional meaninglesssound stimulus and additional meaningful sound stimulus by the task of choice delaywhich added two different auditory extra stimulations. The results demonstrated that，between the ADHD group and normal control group, there is a significant difference inthe baseline condition, there is a significant difference in the additional meaninglesssound stimulation condition, but in the additional meaningful sound stimulationcondition, the difference is not significant. The present study illuminated the belowconclusion:1) There is a tendency of delay aversive in the children with ADHD. 2) The additional meaningful visual stimulation can decrease the level of delayaversive of the children with ADHD; there is no significant decreasing in the level ofdelay aversive of the children with ADHD under the condition of additionalmeaningless visual stimulation.3) The additional meaningful sound stimulus can turn the children with ADHD toshow the normal performance, and they didn’t show the delay aversive under thecondition; but there is no significant effect in decreasing the level of delay aversive ofthe children with ADHD under the condition of additional meaningless soundstimulation.4）For the self-imposed delay of the ADHD group, there is no significant differencebetween the visual stimulation effect size and the sound stimulation effect size in bothmeaningless and meaningful conditions. For the self-imposed delay of the normalcontrol group in the condition of meaningless, the sound stimulation effect size issignificant lower than the visual stimulation effect size and in the condition ofmeaningful there is no significant difference between the visual stimulation effect sizeand the sound stimulation effect size.