Determination Of Sex For The Chinese Atlas (C1) By Morphometry Of Three-dimensional Reconstructed Models

Background and Objective:The sexuality of bone is highly important for forensic medicine,archaeology and anthropology. When we face a corpse beendismembered, highly decomposed, or serious incomplete, even onlysome random bones left, it give us a hard time to learn its sexuality andproceed further research. It is very common in forensic medicine to usemorphological differences of bones to identify sex.Method:150people(70male and80female) aged between18to79(average47.77±13.12) were randomly chosen to taken vertebrae cervicales’three-dimensional reconstruction CT image in Japanese and ChineseUnion Hospital of JiLin University.27measurements taken fromrebuilding atlas3D model were measured by graphical analysis softwareand analyzed statistically by SPSS19.0.Result:1. The details of data means of27measurements of alts from male andfemale respectively are as follow：width of vertebral body and Sagittaldiameter: male is47.6㎜and80.00㎜, female is43.61㎜and72.71㎜， Coronal diameter of l foramen、Sagittal diameter of foramen、Areaof vertebral foramen：male is26.97㎜、28.16㎜and272.87㎜~2，female is25.53㎜、26.89㎜and273.85㎜~2；Sagittal diameter andCoronal diameter of Left Transverse Endplate：male is6.73㎜and5.33㎜，female is6.59㎜and5.38㎜；Sagittal diameter and Coronal diameter of Right Transverse Endplate：male is6.91㎜and5.21㎜，female is6.35㎜and5.21㎜；Sagittal diameter、 Coronal diameter andArea of articular facet of Left Superior articular facet：male16.99㎜、8.57㎜and100.82㎜~2，female15.85㎜、8.13㎜and101.04㎜~2；Sagittaldiameter、 Coronal diameter and Area of articular facet of LeftInferior articular facet：male is14.60㎜、15.97㎜and120.16㎜~2，femaleis12.69㎜、15.23㎜is112.797㎜~2； Sagittal diameter、 Coronaldiameter and Area of articular facet of Right Superior articular facet：male is17.16㎜、8.87mm and100.26㎜~2，female is15.73㎜、8.18㎜and101.66㎜~2；Sagittal diameter、 Coronal diameter and Area ofarticular facet of Right Inferior articular facet：male is14.53㎜、16.29㎜and120.13㎜~2，female is13.04㎜、15.11㎜and114.70㎜~2；Widthof anterior tubercle and Height of anterior tubercle、 Length ofanterior arch： male is8.43㎜、12.59mm and19.70㎜，female is7.29㎜、11.14㎜and20.57㎜；Width of posterior tubercle and Height ofposterior tubercle、Length of posterior arch：male is8.73㎜、10.99㎜and40.69㎜，female8.51㎜、10.83mm and42.86㎜；Circumflexionof ate-cavity inner margin： male86.00°， female92.11°；14measurements out of27are significant in sex difference which all of the28measurements’ mean value and standard deviation have remarkablediversity. Generally male’s index value is greater than female. P valueless than0.001. Most male’s measurements are greater than female’s,which means sex reason caused morphology difference in atlas issignificant.2. Acorrding to the analysis of sex related index, the accuracy of27measurements are between52%to89.3%including one highly accurate index which accuracy is89.3%, the width of atlas.3. We summarized a discriminant function which can calculate eightmeasurements(Width of vertebral body aCoronal diameter of vertebralforamena Left coronal diameter of vertebral foramena Right sagittaldiameter of vertebral foramen a Right coronal diameter of vertebralforamena Left superior coronal diameter of articular faceta Height ofanterior tubercle and Height of posterior tubercle).Y=1.319W-0.317CDf-0.581LTPSD+0.294RTPSD-0.303RTPCD-0.342LUACD+0.382ATH-0.356PTHequation with96.0%accuracy.Conclusion:Our researches successfully build a high accuracy and convenientequation to juge the sex by measure atlas, and provide some evidenceto identify sex for forensic medicine and archaeology.