| ObjectiveThe amygdala not only has memory and emotional stimulate learning, andcan participate in the regulation of and access to conditional expression. Theresults show that negative emotions is the key to induce addicts relapse.Thenopioid addicts amygdala damage is the ability to trigger the negative emotion ofaddicts increased, eventually leading to the addicts can not be the main reason ofthe detoxification. Therefore, this study uses resting state functional magneticresonance imaging (Functional the Magnetic Resonance Imaging, fMRI), theeffects of opioid drugs on amygdala function to connect to further explore theneural mechanisms of opiate addiction。Materials and MethodsRecruitment of opioid addiction subjects (age:42.5±5.57years old; level ofeducation:9.5±2.15years; anxiety level:0.65±0.74; average daily drug use (g/day):0.7±0.5; heroin use in the totaltime (months):226±54.4) and healthysubjects (age:38.07±7.26years; level of education:9.71±2.19years; anxiety level:0.45±1.23), before scanning patients meet the DSM-IV substancedependence diagnostic criteria. This study (Fourth Military Medical University,Tang Du Hospital) Ethics Committee approval, prior to examination, all subjectssigned informed consent and inform the detailed experimental methods andcontent. By GE Signa3.0T magnetic resonance scanner,8-channel head coil lineresting state scan. During the scan, try to stay awake. Brodmann function zoning,the use of the REST system were selected on both sides of the amygdala as theROI. Use of statistical parameter map (SPM8) for data processing. According tothe coordinate information provided by the region of interest Amygdala MASKfile to calculate the average time series of each region of interest (ROI) as areference time series, the average signal change in the ROI and whole brain voxeltime series correlation analysis. Dose data sets between the independent samples ttest, set a significant level of p <0.05. Amygdala function of the healthy groupand addiction group to connect with voxel-based single-sample t-test between thetwo groups amygdala functional connectivity abnormalities using two-samplet-test function, set the significance level of P≤0.001, voxel values﹥5.ResultsOpioid dependence compared to those with healthy, connected brain regionsenhanced the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus and bilateral cerebellarhemispheres and bilateral amygdala function; and right amygdala functionalconnections weakened brain regions of the bilateral precuneusleaves, left anteriorcingulate gyrus; brain regions with the left amygdala functional connectionsweakened bilateral wedge anterior lobe.(P≤0.001, voxel values>5)ConclusionThe amygdala is a complex, located in the parahippocampal gyrus hookdeep. Cerebellar hemispheres can be adjusted cognitive control, learning andmemory, parahippocampal gyrus to the amygdala to regulate, therefore, thefunctional connectivity of the amygdala is abnormal enhancement allows opioidaddicts deepened on drug Hing pleasure of memory, weaken own cognitivecontrol. The prefrontal cortex is the executive leader to control the execution and judgment the addicts inhibitory control impaired when its function is abnormal,and can not correctly judge the behavior of its own error. Culminating in thewithdrawal-a vicious cycle of relapse-the withdrawal。 ObjectiveThe study suggests that damage of the brain cognitive inhibitory controlloop is addiction to heroin dependent patients repeated taking one of the mainreasons for withdrawal of drugs and difficult, and ultimately lead to addictsunable to control their own behavior and drug. Dorsal anterior cingulate and itsrole segments, including cognitive, motor and emotional processing. Therefore,the use of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (FunctionalMagnetic Resonance Imaging, fMRI), heroin addiction on the functionalconnectivity of important brain regions in inhibitory control loop, to furtherexplore the neural mechanisms of heroinaddicts。Materials and MethodsRecruitment of heroin addicts, subjects (age:31.7±6.3years; level ofeducation:10.7±2.5years; cigarettes per day:18.1±4.8branch; average dailydrug use (g/day):1.34±1.38; herointotal time (months):96.9±54.5) andhealthy subjects (age:35.2±7.1years; level of education:10.1±2.5years;cigarettes per day:16.8±3.9branch)20each before scanning patientsDSM-IVsubstance dependence diagnostic criteria. In this study, Tang Du Hospital (FourthMilitary Medical University) approved by the Ethics Committee, before the test,all subjects signed informed consent and inform the detailed experimental methods and content. By GE Signa3.0T magnetic resonance scanner,8-channelhead coil line resting state scan. During the scan, try to stay awake. REST wereselected according to the the Brodmann function partition, both sides of thedorsal anterior cingulate as the ROI. Use of statistical parameter map (SPM8) fordata processing. DACC region of interest (Dorsal the Anterior Cingutate theCortex) MASK document provides the coordinate information to calculate theaverage time series of each region of interest (ROI) as a reference time series, theaverage ROI signal change and the whole brain voxel time series analysis. Dosedata sets between the independent samples t test, set a significant level of p <0.05.Amygdala function of the healthy group and addiction group to connect withvoxel-based single-sample t-test between the two groups amygdala functionalconnectivity abnormalities using two-sample t-test function, set the significancelevel of P≤0.001, voxel values>5.ResultsHeroin addicts in the brain, bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate functionalconnectivity brain regions enhanced the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres; bilateraldorsal anterior cingulate weakened areas of the brain functional connectivity ofthe bilateral hippocampus (P≤0.001, voxel values>5).ConclusionThe key brain regions of classical conditioning is the cerebellum, at the sametime the role of emotions and learning control. The dorsal anterior cingulate iscritical of the human inhibitory control. Therefore, when both functionalconnectivity increase can lead to damage addicts cognitive function. The mainrole of the hippocampus is involved in the conditions and learning memory,inhibitory control ability of the human relationship of mutual coordination. Theabove results reveal the neural mechanisms of addiction, heroin addicts abnormal enhancement of drug-related memory and cognitive function of the damage is themost fundamental reason it can not from the drug。... |
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