The Research Of HIV-infected Patients Resistant Mutations In Zhengzhou And The Establishment Of Detection Method In HIV P24Antigen

AIDS, with its full name as the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is aninfectious disease caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Based on theannual report given by the Joint United Nations Program (UNAIDS) on HIV by theend of2011, the number of people living with HIV reached a peak, standing atapproximately34million, an increase of70,000compared with that in2009. However,the raising number of people living with HIV does not mean the growth of newlyinfected cases, but means more individuals living with HIV have access to appropriatemedical treatment and thereupon survive. With the increased number of people livingwith HIV under medical treatment and the decreased number of AIDS-related deaths,the number of newly infected cases worldwide witnessed a decline. At present, themost effective therapy recognized worldwide for HIV is Highly ActiveAnti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART); HAART can inhibit the replication of virus withincells to the max, reduce damages inflicted on patients’ immune systems, andcontribute to the gradual restoration of patients’ immune systems, so as to extend thelife of AIDS patients and cut the fatality rate. However, along with the wideapplication of HAART, the drug resistant strains caused by the genotypic variation ofHIV appear, posing new threats and challenges to the treatment based on HARRT. Atpresent, there are primarily three types of AIDS anti-viral medicines, namelynucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), non-nucleoside reversetranscriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), and protease inhibitor (PI). The insensitivity orreduced sensitivity of virus due to the emergence of drug resistant strains is regardedas part of the main causes for failed antivirus therapy. In recent years, the number ofHIV patients in Henan province, China, has been on the rise, so does the number ofHIV patients involved in HAART. The focus of HIV prevention and control work lieswith the Antiretroviral Therapy, while its basis is comprised by the testing work ofHIV. However, in the ongoing HIV prevention and control work, the existingdiagnostic reagents and methods are incapable of meeting the testing demand ofincreasingly diverse Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV. In this experiment,genotype analysis was carried on150HIV patients in Henan province, China, and anexploration on the emergence and influencing factors of drug resistant strains wasconducted. This experiment collected serums of150HIV/AIDS patients in Henan province, extracted RNA, reverse transcription-nested-double PCR HIV-1pol genearea, constructed phylogenetic trees for the sequences, and analyzed HIV drugresistance mutations and drug resistance issues. The result shows that: In the34positive sequences among150cases,9individuals did not receive antiviral treatment,25individuals received antiviral treatment; People with HIV-1accounted for94.1%.The gene mutation rate of positive sequencing samples was58.8%, among which themutation rate of individuals without antiviral treatment was5.9%, while that of theindividuals under antiviral treatment was52.9%. Thereupon, we can draw conclusionsas follows, in the drug resistance samples under antiviral treatment, there appear drugresistance and multidrug resistance of varying degrees to reverse transcriptaseinhibitors. We should therefore enhance the monitoring and management of drugresistance, reduce the outgrowth of drug resistance strains and timely adjusttherapeutic regimen according to the result of drug resistance tests. Meanwhile, thisexperiment also utilized the existing recombinant P24Antigen, PCR(immuno-PCR,I-PCR), and SELEX to explore the detection method of P24Antigen; SELEX willovercome the defects of PCR and increase the sensitivity and specificity of detection.