| Tobacco is a hobby economic leaf crops, their quality requirements are very high, and the formation of the quality and yield of flue-cured tobacco is the quality of flue-cured tobacco, the origin of the combined result of the site conditions and climatic conditions, cultivation and management technologies, climate as a non-regulatory factors of tobacco plant growth and yield and quality of tobacco and style formed the dominant role. Climatic conditions during the period of the tobacco field growth is inextricably linked with the tobacco seedling transplanting time, different transplanting time determines the different climatic conditions in tobacco plants field growth period, and also determines the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco and the final yield and quality, In this study, Wushan, Pengshui, Wulong three cultivars producing areas set different transplanting time trial, systematic study of the variation of agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco during growth and development the climate resource allocation field during sensory quality, conventional chemical composition and production output, analyze the relationship between the flue-cured tobacco during growth and development in a variety of appearance and internal characteristics and climatic factors, explore the best tobacco Climate allocation of resources, for the full and efficient use of resources of the local climate for Chongqing high yield and quality characteristics of tobacco to provide some theoretical foundation, and the layout of Chongqing Tobacco adjustment and zoning deployment of a certain significance. Field test results are as follows:1. The Three Gorges reservoir area and the Wuling Mountain main climate factors analysisThe Three Gorges reservoir area and the Wuling Mountain belong to the same type of humid subtropical monsoon climate, but Chongqing is located in the hills and mountains, intricate wavy terrain, caused the microclimate complex,which lead in Wushan, pengshui Wulong flue-cured tobacco producing areas of temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours consistent trends change over time and space, but also has a local particularity. Overall, the Three Gorges reservoir area and the Wuling Mountain rainfall distribution is uneven, range, followed by sunshine hours, and the minimum temperature changes, temperature trend was first and then decreased over time, rainfall and sunshine have no significant changes in characteristics over time, and volatile. Climate resources are more abundant, can basically meet the requirements of the tobacco plants in the field growth stages.2. Influence of different transplanting of climate resource allocation on the tobacco plant growth and developmentOf Wushan, pengshui, Wulong3flue-cured tobacco producing areas of the tobacco plants growing period temperature, rainfall and sunshine hours basic tobacco suitable for the growth of different transplanting of climate significantly affect the allocation of resources the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, the plant height, number of effective leaves and stem girth and life cycle with delayed transplanting period, showed a decreasing trend.Select different growth stages of tobacco plants the average temperature, rainfall, sunshine in Daejeon hours seven climate indicators, the use of fuzzy mathematics and principal component analysis method of combining different transplanting flue-cured tobacco producing areas of Wuling Mountain and the Three Gorges reservoir area of conditions under the climatic suitability evaluation. The results showed that the smaller the weight difference between the flue-cured tobacco producing areas of climatic factors,8.479-13.253%; Wulong the T2deal with CFI highest0.9490.816the Wushan T1minimum; Overall, climatic suitability as follows:the Wulong better than pengshui better than Wushan. The Wushan T1, T2processing in vigorous, mature high rainfall and pengshui T2in the rosette stage of uniform temperature is too low, excessive rainfall in the rosette stage, field of sunshine hours is too low may be the quality of flue-cured tobacco adverse climatic factors.Detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA) method to analyze the relationship between the different transplanting deal with climate factors and tobacco agronomic traits. The results showed that stem girth, plant height and number of effective leaves rosette stage accumulated temperature, vigorous rainfall, vigorous sunshine hours, maturity accumulated temperature, growth stage accumulated temperature was significantly associated girth located in one of the upper, plant height and effective number of leaves in which the Ministry of the lower side, and was a significant negative correlation with the maturity rainfall; central leaf width and central leaf length and the rosette stage sunshine hours, vigorous accumulated temperature, vigorous rainfall and growth period total number of sunshine hours was significantly associated, which the Ministry are located on the side, there is a significant negative correlation with maturity rainfall; the upper leaf length and the upper leaves,close to the rosette stage accumulated temperature.3. Influence of the different transplanting of climate allocation of resources on the quality of flue-cured tobaccoThree flue-cured tobacco producing areas transplanting period have low influence in flavor, strength, concentration, combustion and gray. Middle leaves sensory evaluation results in Wushan test point for. T3> T1> T4> T2; in Pengshui test point for:T2> T1> T3> T4; in Wulong test points for:T4> T3> T1> T2. Overall, the middle leaves sensory evaluation indicators somehow divided the Wushan> Wulong> pengshui. Detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA) method to analyze the relationship between the different transplanting deal with climate factors and tobacco smoking indicators. The results show that the impact of gray by the number of sunshine hours, a positive correlation between; the other smoking indicators is mainly affected by the impact of rainfall.Correlation analysis showed that the different growth period of climatic factors on the chemical composition of tobacco leaf chemical composition and degree of coordination is more obvious than the entire field period the total climate resources, the fertility of climate resources distribution, indicating the pros and cons of the quality of tobacco depends on the configuration of the temperature of the tobacco plant growth period. The impact of temperature on the chemical composition of tobacco is mainly reflected in the reducing sugar, total sugar, but total plant alkaloid and K2O, less obvious impact on total nitrogen and Cl; rainfall leaf chemical components is mainly reflected in the reducing sugar, total sugar and total nitrogen, total plant alkaloid, K2O and Cl is less obvious. Sunshine hours on the chemical composition of tobacco is mainly reflected in the reducing sugar, total nitrogen and Cl.4. Analysis of different transplanting of climate resource allocation on the economic efficiency of flue-cured tobaccoIn Wushan test point, the T2treatment, the proportion of secondary smoke than T1, T3, T4treatment increased the4.90,14.61,15.44percentage points, the proportion of secondary smoke in test points of pengshui, T2processing than T1, T3, T4treatment increased by1.025.21,4.32percentage points in Wulong test point, the proportion of secondary smoke on the T2treatment than T1, T3, T4treatment increased19.79,12.40,25.99percentage points; the Wushan, pengshui, Wulong flue-cured tobacco producing areas in T2economic traits are better than the other three treatments, and T4worst,the different transplanting of different climate resource allocation significantly affect the yield and value of flue-cured tobacco, but also that the quality of the tobacco is more important than production. Of Wushan, pengshui, Wulong T2treatment of flue-cured tobacco production areas in the output, output value and upper-middle-leaf ratio is better than the other three treatments, and T4worst treatment. Also shows that tobacco quality is more important than production. |
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