Study On The Soil Nutrients Of Different Vegetation Types In Xing’an Mountains Region Based On GIS

Xing’an Mountains region is located in the northern part of northeast China, which is animportant ecological regions of northern China. To study on the characteristics of soilnutrients and the distribution pattern of different vegetation types, has important significancefor the understanding of the local relationship between vegetation types and soil, and themaintenance of soil fertility and sustainable development of ecosystems. In view of this, byusing field survey sampling, laboratory bioassay analysis, GIS, computer, and other means toconduct a detailed analysis and study soil on nutrient quality in Xing’an Mountains district,the results are as follows:（1）Forest soils, in Xing’an Mountains region are acidic, the average value of pH is5.53, distribution ranges from4.89to6.38, the soil of pine forest has the minimum pH value,and the pH value of the Mongolian oak forest is the highest. Grassland soil and the meadowsoil are neutral, the average value of pH is7.13and6.93respectively, the cultivatedvegetation soil is weak acidity, pH value is5.80. The average content of organic and totalnitrogen are2.31g/kg and66.57g/kg, which are in the richest region, the Birch forest soilcontent are highest among both indicators,the prairie soil have the least organic matter, thePine forest soil have the least total nitrogen matter. The average content of availablephosphorus and potassium are28.42mg/kg,155.48mg/kg, also in the richest region, thegrassland soil content are the least among both indicators, the mixed forest soil have thehighest available phosphorus matter, the Mongolian oak forest soil have the highest availablepotassium matter.（2）Application of traditional statistics, SPSS, GIS technology in Xing’an Mountain soilnutrient indicators for statistical analysis shows that the soil nutrient indicators horizontaldistribution pattern is more obvious. The pH value of soil substantially showed a lower trendfrom west to east. The pH value of woodland and cultivated vegetation soil in the eastern islower than plateau grassland soil in the western. In contrast, the content of organic, totalnitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium showed a higher trend from west to east. Thoseindicators in woodland and cultivated vegetation soil are higher than plateau grassland soil inthe western. The content of organic, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium has noobvious relationship with its maximum or minimum height, but with more nutrient content,the average distribution of height is lower. （3）Using the improved Nemerow comprehensive index and GIS to do comprehensiveevaluation and spatial analysis on the soil nutrient indicators of Xing’an Mountains, theresults shows that there are no poor soil in Xing’an Mountains area, the average is "good", theavarage value of comprehensive index is1.511. Mongolian oak forest soil nutrient quality is“excellent”(2.141), accounting for12.55%of the total area of Xing’an Mountains. The soilnutrient quality of Birch forest, mixed forest, larch forest and cultivated vegetation is “good”,accounting for47.63%of the total area of Xing’an Mountains, mainly affected by therestrictions of phosphorus and potassium. The soil nutrient quality of Korean pine forest,Meadow, prairie and Pine forests are “medium”, accounting for30.05%of the total area ofXing’an Mountains, Korean pine forest and Pine forest are mainly affected by lacking ofavailable phosphorus, in addition,one of the main reasons is that the soil was acidicstrongly.Meadow and prairie is mainly affected by the limitations of available phosphorus andpotassium. From the spatial distribution pattern, Xing’an Mountains soil comprehensiveevaluation index showed a lower trend from west to east, the index in woodland andcultivated vegetation soil is higher than plateau grassland soil in the western, and thecomprehensive evaluation index is higher in the Xiaoxing’an Mountain and the sunnywoodland soil in the southern section of Da xing’an Mountain.