Artificial Fruiting Body Induction And Composition Analysis Of Ophiocorclyceps Longissima

Cordyceps sensu lato is a large group of entomogenous fungi which mainly parasiteon insects, spiders and some subterranean fruiting bodies of Elaphoapces, and also a kindof hyphal body using nutrition of host to complete its life cycle. A number of bioactiveconstituents with multifunctions from Cordyceps fungi have been reported, which have agreat value in medicine, agriculture, food industry and the application of moderntechnology. Although the resource of Cordyceps s. l. are abundant in our country, currentlyonly a few valuable Cordyceps and its allies have been studied. Therefore, thedevelopment of new resource of Cordyceps is one of the effective ways to solve the edibleand medicinal resource shortage problem.Ophiocordyceps longissima (Kobayasi) G.H. Sung et al., the teleomorph of Hirsutellalongissima, which infects the nymph of cicada, is an important parasitic fungus. Fewresearches about O. longissima have been reported so far. In this paper, the induction offruiting body, effective compositions, volatile components and acute toxicity test about O.longissima were investigated in order to provide important scientific basis for futurelarge-scale development and utilization of O. longissima.The results showed that the optimal cultural conditions for fruiting bodies of O.longissima were as follows:9d of the liquid fermentation period of H. longissima, wheat asthe solid substrate, with10%animal protein, in the medium Ⅰ,20g wheat and40mLnutrient solution per canning jar, pH6.0of the nutrient solution,9mL inoculum size andtemperature at25℃, mycelia culture stage under the condition of complete darkness andcontinuous light (1-200lux) after covering with mycelia. The fruiting bodies wereharvested when they formed vigorously and almost no longer grew.The major effective compositions of three artificial cultures of O. longissima wereanalyzed as well. The results demonstrated that the contents of compositions in threeartificial cultures of O. longissima were significantly different. Compared to the relevantcompositons of natural O. sinensis, some compositions of artificial cultures of O.longissima exceeded the values of natural O. sinensis, including total and essential aminoacids, inosine, cytosine, Mg and Se. The harmful elements Pb and Hg were significantlylower than that of natural O. sinensis.The volatile components in mycelia and fruiting body (admixture with synnemata) ofO. longissima were extracted with simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE) andanalyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). There were20and6 volatile components identified in mycelia and fruiting body, respectively．The volatilesubstances from mycelia are mainly ketones, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, phenols, ethers.Alcohols, aldehydes and phenols are mainly volatile substances in fruiting bodies. Amongthe above compounds,1-octen-3-ol and butylated hydroxytoluene are the commonconstituents of the two artificial cultures,51.66%in mycelia and90.30%in fruiting body.This paper primarily evaluated the safety of fruiting body of O. longissima. The resultindicated that the powder of fruiting body (admixture with synnemata) of O. longissimahad no significant acute toxicity and its acute toxicity dose was more than7.20g/kg·BW inKunming mice by oral administration.Based on the above experiments, the cultivation process of fruiting body of O.longissima was summarized and a patent was applied, which provided important basis andtechnical support for overall development and industrial production.