| The Parocneria orienta, belongs to the Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae, Parocneria. It has been the most major defoliator on the plant of Cupressaceae in Sichuan province in recent years. The reproductive behavior of the P. orienta were observed, the biology of sex pheromone in P. orienta were studied by determining the electroantennogram (EAG) responses in the laboratory and used the females and the glands of the females to trap the males in the fields.The first time to studied the reproductive behavior, the biology of the sex pheromone and the technology of using the glands of the females to trap males in the fields, which was to establish the basis for using the sex pheromone to monitor and control the P. orienta. The results showed that:(1)The the emergence and the calling behavior of P. orienta:the results showed that the emergence of P. orienta happened during the day, especially from1:00to5:00, accounting for44.94%of the total. The calling and mating behaviors were both observed during the photophase. The nuptial flight and mating behaviors took place from7:30to11:00. The peak of mating occurredd at8:30or so, and the lasting time of mating was between2-8h. Calling time varied with the age of female, with older (2to3-day-old) virgin females calling later and longer calling duration than younger (1-day-old) females. The1-day-old months can mate with each other. The percentage of mating of2-day-old was the highest (36.67%). Under the same temperature, mating durations were highly associated with the moth age, the1-day-old female had shorter lasting time of mating, in the older moths it lasted significantly longer than in the younger ones. Lifetime mating number for a male was from1to4, However, mating capacity of a male was significantly associated with operational sex ratio. The lifetime mating number of males was only0.89in average and the most number was2when a male was confined with one female, but increased to2.44when a male was confined with3-5females. On the other hand, though the females only mating once time in the their lifetime, percentage and frequency of female mated were also tied to sex ratio.(2)The circadian rhythm of sex pheromone production and release of Parocneria orienta:The amount of pheromone in the gland was relatively low at1d after emergence, with a peak at2d after emergence, and then decreased gradually with the day old. The amount of pheromone of2-day-old virgin females began to increase gradually post7:00, with the peak between8:30and9:30, and then decreased gradually post9:30. EAG response was the strongest from8:30to9:00. The peak of sex pheromone production and release of P. orienta occurred between8:30to9:00. The results of the virgin females traps males showed that the different ages of females and the different times of the same age of female traped different numbers of the males at the different times of the day. Furthermore, the sex pheromone release and mating behavior of P. orienta were synchronized with the age of the female months.(3)The studied on the effect of temperature, photophase and mating behavior to the release of pheromone:The male EAG response of the female gland were significantly under different temperatures, the22℃were the biggest,27℃condition were the second place, they were significantly big that other temperature. The male EAG response of the female glands were significantly under different photpphases, the results of the EAG response were increased varied with the light of the day, the biggest was at(L:D)16:8, but it was not significantly with the photophase14:10. The male EAG response of the mated female were significantly smaller that the virgin female.(4)The effect of the temperature on the reproduction, longevity and mating behavior of the P. orienta:The results showed that and the number of laid eggs, total eggs and oviposition rate were effected by the the temperature, furthermore, the trends were uniformity; The longevity of P. orienta varied with the temperature, with the higher of the temperature the longevity become shorter, the females were longer than the males. The peak period of the mating, duration of time and the rate of the mating of P. orienta were effected by the temperature, the peak period of the mating accured later varied with the temperature rising, the latest was at27℃, but when the temperature rised32℃, the peak time were moved ahead, and the37℃there were no regulation to get.(5)The study of the field tests applied technology:The results of the gland of the females traped the males showed that the numbers of the traped males were significantly effected by the height of the traps and the dose of induced core, the most effective of the trap was when the trap in the height of3-4m, and the number of males were growed by the dose of the induce core, the most effective was the15females but it was not significantly with the20females. |
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