Porphyra Haitanensis Hybirdization, Mono-Color Thalli Selection And Ultrastructural Observation

As the same parent, the wild-type Porphyra haitanensis which was hybridized with thered-type, purple-type, breen-type and nacarat-type chrom-mutants. The hybrid inheritance of thePorphyra haitanensis was explored through the observation and statistic analysis of the filialgeneration thalli gaining from hybrid and backcross. The technique of somatic cell enzymolysis,single cell clone, asexual propagation and selected breeding were used in typical chimera andmono-color thalli for gaining the eminent strains that had stable economic traits. Meanwhile,comparative analysis of the ultrastructure was conducted to reveal the commonalities anddifferences from the micro level among the six selected mono-color thalli and wild type parent.1. The red type, purple type, breen type and nacarat type Porphyra haitanensis hybridizedwith the wild type parent, respectively. Not only came out the thalli just like the parents, but alsocame out the mono-color thalli and lots of chimeras unlike the parents in the four kinds of hybridfilial generation. The chimeras from hybridization of the red type and wild type accounted for44.91%; from the hybridization of the purple type and wild type accounted for94.38%; from thehybridization of the breen type and wild type accounted for85.44%; from hybridization of thenacarat type and wild type accounted for95.66%.2. Seven chimeric approaches, such as punctate chimeric, strip chimeric, linear chimeric,spotted chimeric,“V”-type chimeric and “M/W”-type chimeric, appeared in the filial generationafter the four hybrids. The filial generation of the red type and wild type contained sevenapproached above.“V”-type chimeric was widely appeared in filial generation of the purple typeand wild type, and linear chimeric was widely appeared in filial generation of the other threeones.3. The chimeric types and proportion reduced after back cross and lots of mono-color thallilike the parents appeared.4. Five chimeras and one mono-color thallus were selected to enzyme, which came from thehybridization between the four different colored Porphyra haitanensis and wild type one. Sixmono-color thalli with different colors were gained after cultured, including red type, emeraldtype, purple type, breen type, nacarat type and red brown type.5. In suitable environment, economic traits of the six mono-color thalli were researched toselect the red type, red brown type and purple type with fast growth, high phycobiliprotein andstable traits.(1) The average daily length increase of F1thalli in red type was2.50times to parent I（p＜0.01）; the average daily weight increase was obviously higher than the parents; the totalphycobiliprotein was high to (116.30±2.94)gm/g which1.20times than parent （Ip＞0.05）; therewas no obvious difference between F1and F2.(2) The average daily length increase of F1thalli inred brown type was1.39times to parent I; the average daily weight increase was obviouslyhigher than the parents; there was no obvious difference between F1and F2（p＞0.05）.(3) Theaverage daily length increase of F1thalli in purple type was1.51times to parent I; the averagedaily weight increase was obviously higher than the parents （p＜0.05）; the totalphycobiliprotein was high to (124.20±7.24)gm/g which1.28times than parent I; there was noobvious difference between F1and F2（p＞0.05）.6. In high temperature environment (26℃,27℃,28℃,29℃,30℃), development of redtype, emerald type, purple type, breen type, nacarat type red brown type and wild type wereresearched. The red type, emerald type and red brown type were high temperature resistancestrains. The emerald type and red brown type grew faster than the wild type and the averagedaily length increase within six to ten days at30℃were (0.06±0.01)cm/d and (0.08±0.04)cm/d.F2thalli of the breen type was a high temperature resistance strain, and lots of rotten spotsappeared on the thalli within five to eight days at30℃. The thalli could recover to gloss andgrow normally under suitable condition after two days cultured, but the rotten spots weren’t berecovered. Massive rotten speckle appeared on F2thalli of the red brown type cultured five daysat30℃. Parts of the thalli were rotten after cultured eight days and they could recover undernormal condition after ten days high temperature cultured. It had more ability of the hightemperature resistance.7. There was great difference in chromatophore, and size, quality and structure of thylakoidin chloroplast of the six mono-color thalli by electron microscopy techniques. The arrangementmode of the endoplasmic reticulum in some of the mono-color thalli (red type, emerald type,breen type and red brown type) had cascade-like arrangement and concentric lamellaearrangement. Some of the mono-color thalli (wild type, purple type and nacarat type) only hadthe cascade-like arrangement. There distributed starch grain obviously in the thalli of wild type,emerald type, purple type and red brown type, especially the red brown type which owned lots ofthe starch grain at the edge of the stellate chromatophore.