Evaluation Of Germplasm Resource And Establishment Of Database For Cultivated Volvariella Volvacea Strains In Main Production Areas In China

For different germplasm resources of cultivated Volvariella volvacea strainscollected from Guangzhou, Fujian, Shanghai, Beijing and Jiangsu, Their classification and genetic relationships were studied according to the antagonistic action. In addition, Esterase isozyme, mycelium growth rates and the characteristics of fructification growth periods were studied to explore some special germplasm and to construct core germplasm for cultivated in main production areas in China. The main contents and results were as follows:1、Comparison of mycelial growth rates for various strainsComparing other49Volvariella volvacea germplasm resources to the strain V830, we measured the growth rates of mycelium in petri dishes and cultivation bags (17cm×33cm) respectively. The results showed that:the mycelial growth rates of VH3in the petri dishes was the fastest which the average growth rate reached4.06cm/d. The second fastest growth rate was the strain of Silian which reached3.6cm/d, while the growth rate of the strain V830was only3.03cm/d. Furthermore, the mycelial growth rate, spawning time, the emergencing time and quantity of chlamydospores and the contamination risk of all strains in the cultivation bag were observed. The results showed that:there’s no obvious distinctions about the mycelial growth rate s among differnt strains, and they all showed fast growth rate. The spawning time were all about10days, and the chlamydospores appeared mostly about12days.2、The reaserch of antagonistic action among different strainsIn this experiment,50strains were devided into4categories according to whether antagonistic action happened or not. At the same time,The phenomenon of somatic incompatibility was divided into four categories which were apparent antagonism with brown line, apparent antagonism without brown line,weak antagonism and fusion. converted these into"0,1,2,3"datas, then we made a cluster analysis for all strains and devided these50strains into4relationship groups.3、Fungal growth studies under solid state conditionComparing the germinations of hypha, time of the primordia formation, the time of harvesting mature Mushrooms, shape of fruiting bodys and the biological efficiencies of all50Volvariella volvacea germplasm resources comprehensively, we can conclude that the times of spawning around the cultivation bed were similar to various strains. The myceclium growth of Strains V754、V753、V751grew stronger than others on the cultivation bed; primordium of Strains3565、3553, Silian V.vlovacea and Volvariella bombycea had1-2d’s later than other strains. Strains such as V754、V753、V751、V5were harvested earlier at the first flush, while strains V238and Volvariella bombycea could be harvested at about the15th day, which was later than other strains. Strains V26-1had a better Fruiting body shape, the less contaminating rate and better uniformity. V753and V751strains had higher biological efficiencies which were20.21%and19.22%respectively. Nevertheless, V753had a thin veil and the pileus were easy to open up. The biological efficiencies of different strains had large distributions. In fact, there’s not any data which biological efficiencies achieved40%according to the industrial production.4、Studies on the esterase isozyme for different strainsThey were compared with the main cultivation strain for50collected strains, the results showed that:isoenzyme bands of the50strains identified from each strain, which were ranged5-13and most of were6-10. Rf (relative electrophoretic mobility) of isoenzyme bands were calculated. There were two kinds of isoenzyme bands:0(Yes) and1(No). Informations of esterase isozyme of each strains were analyzed by the way of Hierachical Cluster Analysis. The50strains were separated into12groups by SPSS software.5、The preliminary construction of Volvariella volvacea germplasm resources database in main produtiong areas in China.According to the results of upon research, we constructed the germplasm resources database for Cultivated Volvariella volvacea in main produtiong areas in China initially. Relative informations of the50collected strains would be input into the software and achieved the communication between human and computer. We can input the mastered or needed characteristics of the strains in the computer, and then got the matched strains, and had a selection depending on synthetical demands to carry on studies or the cultivation. Purchasing the strains of Volvariella volvacea from the markets blindly could be resolved efficiently through this way.