Stduy On The Development Of Amyloplast In Rice Endosperm Cells

In this experiment, rice (Oryza. sativa L.) materials, using the method of detection of the caryopsis physiological activity, to investigate the accumulation of nutrients in the caryopsis development process and the activity of the endosperm; fluorescence microscopy caryopsis pericarp and endospermthe development process; weighing method to study the growth of the rice caryopsis; resin slicing method to observe the morphology of the amyloplasts of endosperm cells, the results are as follows:1. The development of rice caryopsis:the increase in caryopsis length and width mainly12d after flowering, spent15days after the caryopsis on the length and width are basically reached the level of the mature grain. Inactivation of the endosperm cells, some cells6d after flowering, mainly concentrated in the endosperm Central at the beginning, with the development of the caryopsis, the endosperm cells accumulated starch gradually increased, the cells gradually lose activity to after flowering,15～18d most of the endosperm cell inactivation. Days after flowering, after flowering,9d, the activity was higher in the endosperm, after the starch accumulation in the cells, cell activity decreased. Spend6days after the endosperm has accumulated a certain amount of starch, after increasing the starch content in the endosperm cells. The middle is the main part of the ovary wall, contain more plasmids generally contain more starch in the middle lateral cell body, middle medial cells contain more chloroplasts, cells in the development of the caryopsis the disintegration of the amyloplast, chloroplast degradation. Located in the back near the large vascular bundles contain more green cells of cellular activity in this region longer. Under the epidermal cells in only the longitudinal elongation of caryopsis development process rather than split, there will be the interval between the epidermal cells with the development of rice caryopsis.2. The development of endosperm amyloplasts:first3d after flowering, endosperm cell number sharply increased, about6d endosperm cells after flowering up to half of the endosperm cells reached the maximum in the first12d. Rice endosperm cells after the cells at the endosperm surface still has the ability to divide at the surface within the endosperm cells have begun to accumulate starch and protein, the storage cells and subsequently with the amyloplast full of cells, the nucleus morphology a series of recession characteristics, nuclear deformation, the local nuclear membrane invagination or protruding, the final nuclear decline and fall.Rice endosperm starch complex grain starch body contains a number of different starch granules of varying sizes. The beginning of the development of amyloid spherical; With the accumulation of starch, starch grain morphology changes from nearly spherical to ellipsoidal; when the starch grains of starch in vivo close to each other, contact between starch granules and starch grains appear before polygonal, rather than the contact surface of the starch grain shape changes little curved. Morphological structure of grain transparent part of the chalky part of the starch granules and amyloplasts. Grain transparent part of the endosperm cells, starch takes the shape of the surface shape, starch compactly arranged with no gap between the amyloid. The starch grains of starch in vivo irregular spherical or ellipsoidal, loosely arranged.