Different Variety Vegetable Soybeans Major Economic Character Research

Liaoning has long been one of the key provinces supplying vegetable soybeans to Southern China,with annual volume of10million kilograms.There are also increasing opportunities in Liaoning interms of vegetable soybean consumption with huge untapped potential market.Therefore, it is veryimportant to study vegetable soybeans with different variety and maturity for the purpose of developinghigh efficiency agriculture.By comparing and evaluating varieties which have been cultivated in theregion, the test aims to identify species which are suitable for this region.This test was carried out using30different sources of planting materials in the Shenyang area. It measured17genetic variations suchas photosynthetic traits, morphological traits, yield traits, appearance quality traits, as well as quantified17genetic variations such as the amount of character and appearance quality traits.The analysis appliedmultivariate statistical method of correlation analysis of these traits, principal component analysis andcluster analysis to explore mutual restraint and synergies among the vegetable soybean traits, in order toprovide theoretical basis for developing vegetable soybean breeding.There were significant differences in terms of gene characteristics among all the tested groups ofsoybeans, as well as high level genetic diversity.Of these, color value ranged from40.7~51.5, leaf areaindex ranged from3.6to6.0, growth period ranged102d~147d, yields ranged from540.9kg/667m2~1059.4kg/667m2.The diversity of morphological characteristics exists in all types ofsoybeans with different traits. Especially in terms of quality and outlook for the vegetable soybeans (iepod length, pod width, weight for one hundred fresh beans,500g standard pod number), there issignificant resource of good quality seeds.Among them, species which meet international marketstandards for pod length and pod width (pod length5cm, pod width1.2cm) accounted for60%of thetested varieties.Plant height is positive correlated to stem sections, standard pod number/500g.Plant height isnegative correlated to weight of pods from single plant, standard rate of pod, standard pod length,weight of one hundred fresh bean.Number of main stem is positive correlated to number of pods persingle plant, standard number of pods/500g positive correlation, while it is negative correlated to weightof pods from single plant, standard rate of pod, standard pod length, weight of one hundred fresh beans.Number of branches is significantly positive correlated to number of pods per single plant, standard rateof pod, and output of fresh pods per mu.Output weight per single plant is positive correlated to rate ofstandard pod, weight of one hundred fresh beans, and yield of fresh pod, but negative correlated tostandard number of pods/500g, herbivory frequency, and other pod ratios.Based on analysis of key components, four traits were identified, namely plant height factor, outputfactor, pod grain factor, quality factor. They can represent for more than76%of genetic informationfor the tested groups.The clustering of key components provided the theoretical basis for how to apply the tested species.Tested varieties were clustered into eight groups, of which GroupⅦis featured by large grain, large pods, and early-maturing varieties, which includes Hu23-9-7, Liao00128-1two varieties. This groupis also featured by higher yield of fresh pods, therefore can be used as resource for breeding large grains,large pods, and early maturing species. GroupⅧis featured by medium to low stem species, whichincludes22species. This group has two tested species with yield more than1000kg/667m2, and it alsohas the species with highest taste score: AGS292.Moreover, Fuxian No5ranks highest in terms ofone-hundred-fresh-weight with average weight of72.5g.Based on genetic distance, the test species wereclustered into5groups. Group IV includes15species with average standard pod length5.2cm andpod width of1.3cm, of which, Liao00128-1’s standard pod length is5.5cm, standard pod width1.4cm,Zhenong6’s standard pod length5.6cm,width standard pod1.4cm, and Liao00128-1’s onehundred fresh weight is71.1g, Fuxian No5’s average pod length is5.8cm, pod width1.4cm, onehundred fresh weight72.5g.These are all species with large pods and large grain, and have a great valuein use as vegetable soybeans.