Fruit Quality And Genetic Evolution Of Huizhou Pear Cultivar Resources

‘Huizhouxueli’ was the excellent local variety that belongs to the Pyrus pyrifolia from Shexian country of Anhui province.‘Huizhouxueli’ were relatively complex. There were thirty traditional strains reported in literatures. And the most famous ones in which are ‘Jinhuazao’and ‘Xipi’. Through practical observation from2008to2009, eight strains,‘Jinhuazao’,‘Xipi’,‘Seli’,‘Lupihong’,‘Mutousu’,‘Liuyuezao’,‘Yidianhong’ and ‘Xiyuanbai’ were found. Because of topgrafting into other varieties, small scale of production, dotted arrangement, relative old age and lack of management, it is unclear about its provenance and inheritable revolutionary regulations. There have not been any systematic researching reports so far. This abovementioned reasons have hampered the collection and reservation of this resource.From the observation in the biology way and the analysis in the laboratory, the fruit economical characters in the eight strains of ‘Huizhouxueli’ were analysed. Besides that, the SRAP reaction system that is appropriate for the pears was optimized with the young pear leaves from57representative pear varieties. The inherited background and provenance of ‘Huizhouxueli’ with the SRAP molecular marker research had been analysed with the clusters and heritable diversities. Compared with ‘Jinhuazao’, the paper also identificated ‘Xiyuanbai’ variation types from the fruit appearance and economical characters also the heritable background.The results were as follows:1、In the varieties of ‘Huizhouxueli’,‘Jinhuazao’,‘Xiyuanbai’ and ‘Xipi’ in which there were better comprehensive properties were suitable for developing to eaten fresh variety. But ‘Mutousu’ and ‘Seli’ were worse in fruit quality and possibly of some medical values.2、The appropriate SRAP-PCR system of the pear DNA was composed of2.4mmol L-¹ Mg2+,0.1mmol L-¹ dNTPs,1.5U DNA polymerase,80ng DNA template, and0.18μmol L-¹ primer in25μl total reaction volume.3、195bands were amplificated from the22primer combinations in which137were polymorphism bands. Every bands provided about6.3marker information. So the average PPB was68.9%and the PIC made by every primer combinations was between0.76and0.91. The above-mentioned datas indicated that the high polymorphism of pear DNA.4、Cluster analysis indicated that when all the biotypes were divided into10groups, the inheritable distance diversity reached at the peak indicating the reasonable classfication. There were mainly Pyrus pyrifolia in the first and second groups, including ‘Xipi’,‘Jinhuazao’,‘Xiyuanbai’‘Liuyyuezao’‘Lupihong’ and ‘Yidianhong’ from ‘Huizhouxueli’ varieties. The third, forth and eighth groups were mainly root stocks and included ‘Mutousu’ and ‘Seli’ from ‘Huizhouxueli’ varieties. The fifth group was P.communis L. The sixth and seventh groups were mainly P. bretschneideri Rehd and hybrids. The ninth group was P.ussuriensis Maxim.The tenth group was P.sinkiangensis Yu. The result can meet the traditional classification basically.5、‘Jinhuazao’ and ‘Xiyuanbai’ clustered firstly and then clustered with ‘Qingxiang’, the representative variety together.‘Xipi’ and ‘Liuyuezao’ clustering with ‘Zaomeisu’ and ‘Xuefeng’ and also the most varieties from Pyrus pyrifolia showed a relative heritable background with Pyrus pyrifoli. After clustering of ‘Yidianhong’ and ‘Lupihong’, they clustered together with the hybrids of P. bretschneideri Rehd. and Pyrus pyrifoli. It could be induced that ‘Yidianhong’ and ‘Lupihong’ are the hybrids from P. bretschneideri Rehd. and Pyrus pyrifoli.‘Mutousu’ and ‘Seli’ might originated from the interspecific hybridization when ‘Mutousu’,‘Seli’ clustering with P.xerophila Yu, P.calleryana Decne, Pyrus armeniacaefolia from the wild.6、The fruit morphology and the SRAP molecular marker research showed that ‘Xiyuanbai’is the natural seedling but never the mutant of ‘Jinhuazao’.