Investigation About The Breed Improvement And The Restricting Factors Of Xiangnan Cattle

This study combines the breed improvement of cattle to carry out work in the actual condition of the Xiangnan cattle to the hand, we compare the growth performance traits of different hybridization by make some experiments, Meanwhile, we have got some advices and solution of impeding cattle breed improvement. The results are as follow:The three experiments of breed improvement showed that the pay for natural mating is very high, but the effect is not ideal. The hybridization under low temperature required more machines and product modification effect seemed good, but we faced plenty of problems that we had a difficulty in controlling the time of cow estrus and appraising the time. The estrus control under low temperature required more medicine and machines than the hybridization, it can increase the uniformity of hybrid offspring and make the improved variety of cattle become scale.Comparing the performance of F1generation cattle which are hybrid offspring of the different breeds of cattle and the Xiangnan cattle, we can find that the growth performance traits are highly improved, and characters are significant different or extremely different(p<0.05). The major traits is the weight, height, body length and chest measurement. The traits of hybrid offspring of Simmental cattle has improved83.75%、18.17%、27.11%、24.93%; The traits of hybrid offspring of Deutsche Gelbvieh has improved12.55%、8.76%、9.38%、9.76%; The traits of hybrid offspring of Angus has improved58.11%、18.93%、21.75%、24.24%; The traits of hybrid offspring of Shorthorn has improved42.27%、18.63%、18.21%、22.00%and The traits of hybrid offspring of Limousin has improved44.65%、22.04%、23.35%、22.44%. According to the survey and investigation, in different varieties of the breed improvement, the growth performance of hybrid offspring of Simmental cattle is the most obvious advantage, which are followed by Deutsche Gelbvieh, Angus, Shorthorn. As beef cattle breed, Limousin can be the male parent of F-2generation. All the breeds can adapt to the environment in the south of Hunan province area. Under the present conditions, the breed improvement of Xiangnan cattle can obtain obviously economic benefits. After feeding24months, the F-1generation can increase the economic benefit of43.79%. In addition, we can find that the Simmental cattle were very strong adaptive capacity and growth speed. The hybrid offspring own plenty of character that the cattle can rapidly grow, has good meat quality. The cattle’ s rate of dystocia is very low and the milk performance has been improved greatly.Combining all the problems during the experiment and analyzing the reason and the experimental results, we put forward the measures to breed improvement mission. And we hope this study can speed up the progress of the breed improvement.