Research On Composition And Content Of Anthocyanins Extracted And Separated From The Suaeda Heteroptera Of Halophyte

The Suaeda heteroptera of halophyte is a kind of halophytes, Suaeda Forsk. ex Scop., Chenopodiaceae. They spread mainly in the seaside saline-alkali land above the tide line and the mainland salt land. The rich water-soluble red pigment from the S. heteroptera is an important resource of the natural pigment, the pigment was identified as anthocyanin by the preliminary analysis. Anthocyanin is a class of water-soluble natural pigment in plants that widely presents in the nature belongs to flavonoids. It is very unstable, usually present in the form of anthocyanins with sugar.The effects of anthocyanins include:preventing cancer, improving vision, clearing the body of harmful free radicals, improving sleep, strengthening the blood vessels to improve circulation and preventing skin damage caused by overexposure of the sun. This manuscript studied the pretreatment in progress of S. heteroptera anthocyanin extraction for the first time, compared the total anthocyanins content of extracts obtained by different methods according to their absorbance values at the maximum absorption wavelength of visible region and compared their monomeric anthocyanin content by the pH differential method; determined the extraction method, after the progress of extraction, the total anthocyanin content in5. heteroptera was determined by the corresponding absorbance value, and the monomeric content of anthocyanin was measured by the pH differential method. The anthocyanins in S. heteroptera were separated by the method of high performance liquid chromatography and their composition were identified for the first time using tandem mass spectrometry coupled to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photo-diode array detection (PDA) was developed. Results are as follows:(1)The study of pretreatment in progress of S. heteroptera anthocyanin extraction, the extracts obtained by methods with different pretreatment had different total anthocyanins content, had different monomeric anthocyanin content, formed the different effect of extraction. That is to say, we can choose a suitable extraction method, according to the requirements of extracts in favor of expanding the scope of S. heteroptera anthocyanin application.(2)The total content and the monomeric content of anthocyanins in S. heteroptera were measured. Anthocyanins showing different colors at different pH conditions, when pH is very low, showing a strong red, then faded to colorless, and finally to purple or blue at high pH with the pH value increases. According to the nature of anthocyanin, the anthocyanin contents in S. heteroptera were measured for the first time. The total content of anthocyanins in S. heteroptera was18.9-22.3mg/100g fresh weight, this anthocyanin concentration is higher than that of red onions with substantial anthocyanin pigment; this anthocyanin concentration closes to that of strawberries. The monomeric anthocyanin content is9.8-11.6mg/100g fresh weight.(3)The compositions of5. heteroptera anthocyanins were separated and identified. According to the analysis of the mass spectrum for precursor ions of anthocyanins in S. heteroptera which were scanned using UPLC/MS/MS, we measured the S. heteroptera anthocyanins extract mainly including delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, pelargonidin, and peonidin for the first time.