Effects Of Different Soil Managements On Soil Properties Of The Pear Orchard In The South Of Xinjiang

The paper studied the effects of soil physicochemical properties, soil microbial, enzyme activity and Korla pear fruit yield and quality under the four soil management ways of the Korla pear Orchard in the South of Xinjiang, The results showed that:(1)The range of Soil temperature change of covering straw was minimum (2.5℃), growing grass was next (3.5℃), no-tillage and cleaning tillage was maximum (4.5℃). Soil moisture content of covering straw and growing grass was higher than no-tillage and cleaning tillage. Compared with cleaning tillage, covering straw and growing grass reduced soil bulk density and increased the soil porosity, of soil on0-40cm soil layer, soil pH had no significant difference.(2)Soil organic matter showed that the growing grass> covering straw>no-tillage>cleaning tillage. With the increasing of the soil depth,the organic matter content decreased. Compared with cleaning tillage, hydrolytic N, available P, available K, total P and total K of covering straw and growing grass were improved on0-40cm soil layer.(3)Growing grass and covering straw improved the soil microbial quantity, compared with cleaning tillage, Growing grass and covering straw was increased by64.17%,31.76%,bacteria number was the maximum, fungi number was the minimum in soil microbial quantity. Catalase and invertase of covering straw and growing grass were higher than no-tillage and cleaning tillage, urease had no significant difference.(4) Soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity related analysis showed that bacteria had a extremely significant correlation with invertase and urease, Actinomyces had a extremely significant correlation with invertase,bacteria, fungi, Actinomyces had no significant correlation with catalase. Soil microbial quantity and enzyme activity pathway analysis showed that fungi was main factor affecting invertase and urease.(5) Soil nutrient content and soil microbial quantity,enzyme activity related analysis showed that bacteria,fungi had a extremely significant correlation with soil nutrient content(except total N).Actinomyces had a extremely significant correlation with hydrolytic N,available P,available K,total P and total K. Invertase had a extremely significant correlation with soil organic matte,hydrolytic N,available P,available K,total K.Urease had a extremely significant correlation with soil organic matte,available P,available K,total P and total K. Catalase had no significant correlation with soil nutrient content.Soil nutrient content and soil microbial quantity,enzyme activity pathway analysis showed that fungi was main factor affecting soil organic matte, available P, available K. Invertase was main factor affecting hydrolytic N, total P. Actinomyces were main factor affecting total K.(6)Compared with cleaning tillage,the treatments of growing grass and covering straw effectively enhanced the fruit yield and the fruit weight. The fruir of the treatments up to standards of pear fruit shape. The treatments of growing grass and covering straw improved soluble suger,soluble suger,sugar acid and vitamin C content.hardness and titratablewas lower than clean tillage.