The Boletaceae Resources And Biological Activity Study Of Two Endemic Species In Guangdong Province

Boletes are a kind of wide range and very common macrofungi in the forests, especially in tropic and subtropic areas. Most of them are mycorrhizal, and they play an important role in natural ecosystem. A lot of bolete species are well-known edible or medicinal fungi, such as Boletus edulis and Pulveroboletus ravenelii, respectively. However, some species (e.g. Boletus speciosus) are poisonous. It is one of the most popular and important groups of macrofungi.The reaserch is based on the Thiers&Smith(1971) and Singer’s (1986) classification system and combine with the Kirk et al.(2008) and Horak’s(2011) new taxon system. Adopt the identification methods of combination of macrocopic morphology and microscopic characteristics which are generally accepted by modern taxonomist of Boletes. As a result there are about130specimens are studied, and40species which belong to10genera are descriped and analysed in detail. In the course of the study one new species in science, nine new record of Guangdong province and three undetermined species are found, and in the meantime the sudy also revised13species which are misidentified.Furthermore, the author also do some research on the biological activity of two endemic species:Tylopilus plumbeoviolaceoides T.H. Li, B. Song&Y.H. Shen and Tylopilus sp. nov.(GDGM27210) of Guangdong province. The antioxidant activities of water extract and75%ethanol extract from the two species were determined in vitro by inhibiting the autoxidation of linoleic acid and scavenging DPPH·and OH. The results showed that the extracts from the two species could scavenge DPPH·with high rates·, both of them clearance rate up to85%. And the water extract and75%ethanol extract from T. plumbeoviolaceoides have strong ability of scavenging·OH than Tylopilus sp. nov.(GDGM27210). The75%ethanol extract of T. plumbeoviolaceoides exerted a strong ability of inhibiting the autoxidation of linoleic acid while in low concertration of0.1%mg/ml, and the inhibition ratio up to80%. The studies showed that both of the two species have antioxidant activities in some degrees. The antitumor activities of different extracts from two species were determined in vitro by MTT assay, and the result revealed that the extracts exhibited certain inhibitory activity on the growth of7402, Hela and Astc cells except methanol extract, and the maximum inhibit the growth of7402and Hela cells with the highest rate of60%.