Study On The Selection Of Different Litter Ratio In Deep-litter System And Its Effects On Aging Litter Composting

Deep-litter System as an agricultural rearing technique, can help to reduce animalmanure egesta and pollution in which selection and management of raw materials for litter areof great importance. According to the broilers itself physiological structure and produce litterspecial requirement, selected a common crop waste(corn straw)and non-metallic adsorptionmaterial (zeolite), explored their availability as litter and processing methods to ensure thatlitter could maintain appropriate porosity、keep fermentation activity and reduce maintenancecosts. The litter after rearing broilers was aging, but it could not achieve the standardrequirements of organic fertilizer, took this aging litter into composting, to make sure theintegrity of the ecological cycle of the deep-litter system. The results showed that:1. During the litter pre-fermentation，the highest temperature of different treatmentscould exceed45℃after stacking，but could not higher than70℃.The results showed that themicrobial flora had established in deep-litter system, the corn stalk and zeolite could be usedas part of alternative materials of litter.2. During the breeding broilers, there were no significant differences in average dailygain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed to gain ratio (F/G) among all treatments(P>0.05), and there was a similar variation regulation between the moisture content of litterand the concentration of ammonia concentration, it was easy to see that the moisture contentof litter was high, the concentration of NH3was high, too.3. During the breeding broilers,30%S could be helpful for rearing broilers for its lower feed togain ratio (F/G) and death number than other treatments, the revenue、gross profit were higherthan other treatments, the moisture content and the concentration of NH3were lower than others,which was a certain reference value for the optimization in the deep-litter system.The effect ofzeolite in the suppression of the ammonia concentration was not obvious.4. During the aging litter composting, each treatment had gone through the warmingperiod、the high temperature period、the cooling period and the maturity period in the stackingprocess. The temperature of30%S was higher than other treatments. With the replenishmentof water,90%S was higher than other treatments in the cooling period and the maturityperiod.5. During the aging litter composting, with the volume of compost continue reduced, thetotal dry weight of pile and organic matter lost most, the content of compost nutrient had shown different trends: the content of total nitrogen of each treatment reduced at first and thenincreased; the content of total phosphorus and total potassium showed a gradual upward trend.6. On ammonia volatilization losses, the ammonia of each treatments had gone throughthe rapid volatilization and slow volatilization,90%S lost most on nitrogen.7. The germination index was increasing in the compost time, all treatments of GI whichwere over80%meant that all treatments reached maturity. Overall, the GI of CK was higherthan other treatments.