The Field Trial Of Cyadox In Broilers

Cyadox is an antimicrobial agents with growth-promoting activity first synthesized by the Huazhong agricultural University Veterinary Research Institute. Its chemical structure to retain the parent ring structure of Quinoxaline1,4-dioxide was redesigned to its side chain, retained anti-bacterial drugs and promoting growth.Hence, compared with similar drugs caydox has low toxicity, good safety, and has shot withdrawal time for pigs, poultry and fish. Pharmacodynamic studies are carried out gradually, some studies show that cyadox could promote the growth and improve the feed conversion of swine, poultry, cattle, sheep, fish, reduced diarrhea frequencies of livestock, As Quinoxaline drugs olaquindox and cardox has obvious side effects and the use of prohibited poultry, research and development of effective and safe drugs in poultry feed additives is of great significance.The ultimate goal of drug research is the production of medicines of acceptable quality for medical applications. Therefore, before the drug on the market a comprehensive efficacy and safety verification.Ⅰ and Ⅱ clinical trials have been completed, a comprehensive evaluation of the clinical effect of yet to be Ⅲ trial.In order to further verify phase Ⅱ trial antibacterial and growth-promoting dose of chicken (50mg/kg-100mg/kg) in the actual production, and over this range300mg/kg dose, the effectiveness and safety of drugs, To this project for three doses were cyadox field trial in broiler chickens, and with the blood of experimental animals, physiological and biochemical, histopathological, drug residues in the environment and the amount of clinical isolation of common pathogens, Evaluate the effectiveness and target animal safety, to find out the best promotion cyadox dose and to provide more reasonable application of theoretical basis and reference. The experiment was conducted at the fifteenth breeding base of Hubei Tong Xing Agricultural Co., Ltd.(Experiment A:April of2010) and in the Qili country farm in Baimiao of Xiangfan Tianzuo Feed Co., Ltd.(Experiment B:October of2010). The experimental animals are zero day-old Cobb chickens with initial body weight about40±3g. Four thousand two hundredchickens were randomly divided into four groups, and1020chickens a group in the experiment A. In the experiment B,20200chickens were also randomly divided into four groups, and5050chickens a group. The Contral Group(basis diet without any antimicrobial agents), the1th Cyadox Group (1kg basis diet including50mg Cyadox,50mg/kg), the2th Cyadox Group(1kg basis diet including100mg Cyadox,100mg/kg) and the4th Cyadox Group (1kg basis diet including300mg Cyadox,300mg/kg) were setted in both the two experiments. Each experiment lasted42days, and the fasting body weight, feed consumption were recorded in the morning of the21th day and42th day, then,the Average daily gain, Average daily feed intake (ADFI), the average daily (ADG) and the Feed/Gain (F/G) were calculated. At the end of each experiment10(Experiment A) or30(Experiment B) fasting chickens were randomly selected from each group for wing vein blood collection to determine the hematological and biochemical parameters. And then, the10(Experiment A) or30(Experiment B) samples were slaughtered, and the cecal contents were sampled for isolating Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus Aureus and Pasteurellosis bacillus for testing their counts, plus the serotype of Escherichia coli. In addition, the tissue of liver, kiney, spleen were sampled for pathological examination.The excrement samples, the surrounding soil and vegetable were also collected to test the residual amount of Cyadox and the main metabolites.1. Effect of cyadox on the performance and serum biochemical indicator of broilersCompared with the control group, the ADG of the low (50mg/kg), medial (100mg/kg) and high (300mg/kg) dosage group raised by2.9%(P<0.05),5.7%(P<0.05) and4.8%(P<0.05) respectively during the earlier stage (0-21d), by5.2%(P<0.05),7.0%(P<0.05) and4.4%(P<0.05) respectively during the later stage (22-42d), and by6.5%(P<0.05),8.2%(P<0.05)and6.1%(P<0.05) respectively respectively during the whole stage (0-42). During the earlier stage, the feed efficiency (FE) of the low (50mg/kg) and the medial (100mg/kg) dosage groups raised by4.8%(P<0.05) and15%(P<0.05) respectively than the control group. However, there were no significant differences on feed efficiency (FE) and Feed/Gain (F/G) of the high dosage group (300mg/kg) compared with the control group. During the later stage, they had the same F/G between the low and high dosage groups declined by1.5%than the control group, but the difference was not remarkable. In addition, the medial dosage group had a notable declin F/G value (6.3%) than the control group. During the whole experiment stage, the FE of the low, medial and high dosage group enhanced by3.6%,10.2%and1.5%respectively than the control group. Furthermore, the low dosage grou has a most obobvious effect on F/G fall.The ADG of the50mg/kg、100mg、300mg/kg group raised by5.1%(P<0.05),15%(P<0.01) and6.9%(P<0.05) respectively during the earlier stage, by7.7%(P<0.05),8.3%(P<0.05) and9.3%(P<0.05) respectively during the later stage, and by6.8%(P<0.05),14%(P<0.05) and8.5%(P<0.05) respectively during the whole stage compared with the control group in the experiment A. The F/G of three dosage groups declined by1.6%(P>0.05),12.7%(P<0.01) and3.8%(P>0.05) respectively during the earlier stage, by3.4%(P>0.05),6.8%(P<0.05) and3.4%(P>0.05) respectively during the later stage, and by1.5%(P>0.05),10.1%(P<0.05) and1.2%(P>0.05) respectively during the whole stage compared with the control group in the experiment B.The physiological and biochemical effects of cyadox on the blood of Broilers are displayed as follows. In the experiment A, there were not notable differences of the tested physiological indices except the obviousely high MCHC between the three experimental group and the control group. The content of glucose (GLU) and phosphorus (P) in the serum of all the three dosage groups Broilers were obviously higher than that in the control group. The level of triglyceride (TG) and sodium ion(Na+) of the high dosage group were significantly higher than that in the control group. The results of the experiment B showed that the content of the GLU was obviously higher and the total cholesterol (TC) was significantly lower than that in the control group. In addition, the level of total protein (TP) of the high dosage group was obviously higher than that in the control group. Altogether, the two experiments A and B both showed that cyadox of the three dosage groups can enhance the level of GLU of the Broilers. It indicats that cyadox may stimulate the excreter of insulin, and further enhance the absorb and use of the glucose, and ultimately improve the feed efficiency.2. Effect of cyadox on the intestinal common pathogens of broilers with species and quantityThe results of the separation of pathogenic bacteria showed that Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus,and Pasteurella were solated from the control group, however, Escherichia coli and Salmonella were only isolated from the Cyadox fed groups.by micro-organisms to the drugs from the control group and the Escherichia coli isolated from the control group also isolated Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella. E-coli count test, cyadox groups of Ecoli compared with the control group reduced the number of an order of magnitude, cyadox among the three groups no significant difference, indicating that cyadox have more efficient to Ecoli bacteria.Tests show that the300mg/kg group cyadox sinusoidal lobule of liver there is a small amount of red blood cells, kidney epithelial cells with the basement membrane of mild separation, other than those in normal organs.3.The economic impact of cyadox in broilers Comparison of two tests from the economic benefits of broiler diets can see direct benefits100mg/kg4.27yuan, compared with direct benefits than the control group increased by2.15yuan,therefore, diets supplemented with cyadox100mg/kg can increased broiler daily gain. Can improve feed conversion, promoting production performance and economic efficiency significantly.4.The impact of cyadox and its metabolites in the environment, in feeding trial to collect mixed feeding300mg/kg cyadox broiler manure,to study drug residues in environment pollution, like manure,soil and plants around.detected only in feces Cyadox,Desoxy-cyadox and N-4-cyadox, content is lower than0.4μg/g. End of the experiment after the first six months of the farms surrounding soil and growing plants for drug residues, but not detected any drugs, to determine cyadox and its metabolites without serious impact on the environment.In summary, this project developed under the new drug procedures and requirements as a guide to study cyadox broiler production conditions in the natural growth-promoting effect and safety; further verification cyadox on the most appropriate dosage chicken; clarified cyadox chicken stuffed antibacterial effect of common pathogens. animals are still safe and effective results when to increase the amount added to300mg/kg Cyadox;to established cyadox and its metabolites residues in the production environment monitoring technology. The results for the cyadox application in animal husbandry, especially the rational use of poultry production and the efficacy and safety of new additives to provide a scientific basis for assessment and more comprehensive research data. Proved more than chloroquine can be used as an efficient plug, new security pharmaceutical additives used in poultry feed industry and animal food production safety and improve production performance, maintaining human health also has far-reaching significance.