Phychemical Properties Of The Seed Oil Of Akebia Trifoliate And Preparation Of Bio-diesel With It

Akebia trifoliate widely distributed in China and the resources of its seeds are huge. At present, the seeds are seldom utilized. To exploit the rich resources, the seeds of A. trifoliata were used as material, and extract their oil by Soxhlet extraction. The fatty acid components were measured by GC-MS. Food safety of the oil was estimated by the test of acute and long-term toxicity of mouse. National Institute of Standards (GB) methods were used to determine the phychemical properties of the seed oil. Transesterification of A. trifoliate seed oil was investigated to produce biodiesel, and the preparation technique parameters were optimized with response surface method (RSM). The results are as follow:(1) The oil yield of A. trifoliata seed is32.10%by Soxhlet extraction. There are five kinds of fatty acids in the oil. Among them, the content of oleic acid is the highest, accounting for43.39%, the second was stearic acid, accounting for29.93%and the third was linoleic acid, accounting for23.20%. The content of total unsaturated fatty acid is66.59%, and the saturated fatty acid is33.41%. Fatty acid carbon chain lengths of oil are between C14and C18. A. trifoliata seeds have high oil content and its oil possess nutrient value.(2) Acute toxicity test showed that there were no any danger signs and death caused by A. trifoliata seed oil. Long-term toxicity test showed that no significant difference existed between the control group and tested group by determining the organ index, hematology (red blood cell, white blood cell, hemoglobin et al.) and blood biochemistry (Glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, total cholesterol and triglyceride). The A. trifoliata seed oil is nontoxic for mouse. A. trifoliata could be comprehensively developed and used as new vine oil crops.(3) The rate of extracted oil, water content, iodine value, acid value, saponification value and peroxide value were32.76%、0.36%、67.89g/100g、8.85mg KOH/g、235.03mgKOH/g、47.08mmol/kg. After deacidification of acid and water, the seed oil was prepared for biodiesel.(4) The RSM was used to optimize the esterification reaction conditions of A. trifoliata seed oil. The optimum conditions were:reaction time80min, methanol/oil molar ratio6.7:1, and catalyst concentration1.3%, which led to water content, sulfur content, acid value and methyl ester content of the biodiesel were0.01mg/kg,0%,0.24mg KOH/g,99.21%, respectively. The properties of the biodiesel were identical with standard GB/T20828-2007and French biodiesel standards.Above all, A. trifoliata seed oil is in high content and nontoxic, and could be prepare for bio-diesel, according to its phychemical properties. This study is of positive significance to the expansion of the A. trifoliata oil-based applications and the development of new edible oil and alternative energy.