Study On Bamboo Vinegar Cold-Resistant Agents And Its Effects On Cold Tolerance In Tea Plants

Tea tree is a widely cultivated economic plants in our country, especiallyin Zhejiang Province. And the production of tea occupies an important position inagricultural. It is largely influenced by season and the climate. The annual latecoldness in spring constrains the development of tea industry in Zhejiang Province.Based on the bamboo vinegar, different cold-resistance agents of tea plants werestudied. Through simulating the natural air cooling and spraying six kinds ofcold-resistance agents on the three kinds of tea varieties (Wuniuzao, White Tea,Longjing43and Zhenong114), the photosynthetic fluorescence and physiologicalindexes related to the ability of cold-resistance were determined under cold stress.And then the function of cold-resistance agent in the field experiments was measured.The results showed that screened agents could promote the cold-resistance ability oftea tree to a certain extent. Further, the physiological and biochemical indexes whichcould evaluate the cold-resistance ability of tea tree was studied. The contents andthe results are mainly as followings:1. The choice and solubility of effective ingredients of cold-resistance agentsBased on the efficiency of bamboo vinegar fluid on accelerating the rice, wheatand beet seeds sprout germination, the trace elements, acidity regulator, andcold-resistance materials, which could promote plant burgeoning and cold-tolerancewere choosed. At the same time, promoting solvents were screen out, and thecorresponding producing process flow of the bamboo vinegar fluid were designed.Finally, six formula was selected.2. Effects of cold-resistance agents on chlorophyll fluorescence and gasexchange parameters in tea plants under chilling stressThe treated temperature was gained from the actual recorded values around thefield (longwu) in late spring2007. Tea tree species, Longjing43and Zhenong114were treated by natural cooling simulation in test chamber. After spraying water threetimes and cold-resistance agents six times on the two precocious tea tree species, thechlorophyll fluorescence and the gas exchange parameters, the cold resistanceindexes were determined. The ability of bamboo vinegar in fighting against coldnesswas analyzed after spraying the agents on the tea plants. The results showed that the more serious damaging of the tea tree, the more critical reducing of chlorophyllfluorescence parameters, Spraying B2significantly mitigated the damage of teaplants caused by chilling stress. And Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, Yield, rETR, and photosyntheticrate obviously increased. It revealed that B2could improve the ability of tea treefighting against coldness. In addition, B1also have certain positive effect onimproving the production of tea tree under cold stress.3. The influence of tea tree cold-resistance agents on the physiological andbiochemical indexesSimulating natural cooling after spraying water three times and cold-resistanceagents six times on the four species, Wuniuzao, White Tea, Longjing43andZhenong114, the physiological and biochemical indexes, such as the contents ofsoluble protein, soluble sugar, MAD, proline, the activity of SOD enzyme and thechange of electric conductivity were determined in order to analyze the influence ofthe agents on tea tree at low temperature. The variation tendency of soluble proteincontent, proline content, SOD enzyme activity and electric conductivity change rulewas correspond with the trend of cold resistance index and fluorescence parameters.B2and B6could strikingly make the content of soluble protein and proline, theactivity of SOD enzyme increase, and obviously make electric conductivity decrease.However, the difference between B1and control was not significant.The changerules between soluble sugar and MAD in various varieties was not same.4. The effects of cold resistance agent on the ability of cold tolerance in teaplants by field experimentThe results of the indoor experiment showed that B2had obvious affection onimproving clod resistance ability in tea plants. The prescription of B1, B2and B3were choosed to conduct field experiment. Compared with spraying water, sprayingB1and B2remarkably made the chlorophyll concentration, first leaf thickness, theproportion of various types’ bud improve. Under the slight cold stress, theappearance of the buds also displayed better than that of the control. It implied thatthe agent could improve the cold tolerance in tea tree to a certain extent. It wasconsist with the results of laboratory experiment. In addition, spraying B1couldobviously increase the output of tea tree. Conpared with control, the weight of thebuds on a unit area significantly increased; However, after spraying B2, the weight of a single buds became lower, but it could improve the budding rate. So, comparedwith the control, the weight of the buds in the unit slightly increased.The results above showed that the bamboo vinegar cold resistance agent couldimprove the chilling tolerance to a certain extent, and effectively alleviate thedamage caused by cold in tea plants. It also slightly made the production of teaincrease under cold stress, and finally guaranteed the tea production under earlyspring cold. The bamboo vinegar cold resistance agent displayed widely potentialapplication prospects. In the experiments, the dynamics changes of chlorophyllfluorescence parameters, and gas exchange parameters was consist with the those ofphysiological indexes. All these parameters could be well used to evaluate the abilityof cold resistance in tea tree under chilling stress.