Effects Of Different Mixing Ratio Of Manure And Chemical Fertilizer On Tomato Growth, Soil Fertility Improvement And Nitrogen Leaching In Greenhouse Cultivation

In this paper, a field experiment was implemented on the effects of different mixing ratio of manure and chemical fertilizer on greenhouse tomato in Shouguang city.Shandong province in2011-2012. Four treatments including using absolute manure instead of chemical N fertilizers, most N application by manure, farmer conventional fertilization, and most N application by chemical fertilizers, were studied on effect of the tomato growth, soil fertility and nitrate leaching under condition of the equal total N application in greenhouse tomato production systems. The results are as follows.1) There was no significant effect for different organic manures application on tomato growth, but significant effect was found on tomato fruits yield. Lower yields were reported for the treatments of all manure and complete chemical fertilizers N application. For other two treatments of most manure application and farmer conventional, there was no significant effect on the tomato fruit yields, and it showed that no yield reduction was found for treatment of most manure application.2) On the condition of equal total N application, the increasing ratio of organic manure could greatly improve Vitamin C content of tomato fruit in full fruit period while it had no significant effect on the content of soluble sugar. Of the four treatments, treatment of all manure N application instead of chemical fertilizer had the maximum sugar-acid ratio in the fruit. No difference and a low level of less than44.50mg/kgFW was found in nitrate content in fruit of greenhouse tomato.3) For the pH value and electric conductivity in the surface soil, little change for the treatments of all manure and most manure application, but great change for the treatments of farmer conventional fertilization and all chemical fertilizer, were found during the whole growing season.4)The same for available phosphorus in the surface soil was found in the study. The two treatments with higher organic manure applications, can increase the amount of bacteria, actinomycete, and B/F, and also enhance the activity of urease and sucrase, and finally a overall enhancement for the soil fertility was found in this experiment.5) In this experiment, there was a gradual decline for nitrate content with the soil depth in the0-60cm soil profile. High nitrate content was found in all the soil layers for the two treatments with higher chemical fertilizer N applications, and at the end of the harvest period, a higher nitrate content of average126.33mg/kgDW, was reported in the surface layer for the treatment of all manure application. In this study, the treatment of most manure application had the maximum effect on the nitrate leaching in the0-70cm soil profile with the N leaching of12.71kg/hm2.