Study On The Wild Resources Of Fragaria In China And The Breeding Of White Strawberry

Strawberry, which belongs to Rosaceae Fragaria, is a kind of perennial herbs. China is the world’s largest strawberry cultivation area, the most productive countries, and also the world’s richest countries in the type of wild strawberries. China has11natural distribution of wild species, including eight diploid species, such as Fragaria vesca L., Fragaria nilgrrensis Schlecht., Fragaria pentaphylla Lozinsk., Fragaria gracilis Lozinsk, Fragaria nubicola Lindl., Fragaria viridis Duch., Fragaria daltoniana Gay, Fragaria m andschurica Staudt, and three tetraploid species, such as,Fragaria orientalis Lozinsk.,Fragaria moupinensis (Franch.) Card, Fragaria corymbosa Lozinsk..There are many researches at home and abroad, but most of them focus on the improvement of the characters to make the strawberry have large fruit, bright color, sweet taste, suitable for transport, and high-yield and so on. Here we report to change the parents, which are the wild diploid Fragaria nilgrrensis Schlecht. in China with white fruit and the sold octoploid Fragaria ananassaDuch with red fruit, through cross-breeding, radiation breeding and chromosome doubling and other means to breed the large white Fragaria, to change the single market of red strawberry.The results of this reaserch are as follows:1. This experiment collects eight kinds of wild strawberries resource, through the introduction and domestication, changing the conditions of cultivation such as light, moisture and soil, made the wild strawberry species everywhere are basically adapted to the Jiufeng forest environment and can make normal growth and development.2、Hybridization test made the Fragaria nilgrrensis Schlecht. and "Hongyan" as parents and got325F1generation seeds.3、After the radiation treatment with doses of20Gy,40Gy,60Gy,80Gy and100Gy of60Co-y Ray for self-seeds, the germination rate declined with the increase of the radiation dose, then we got the semi-lethal dose Gy. By testing the size of the height on seed germination, the number and size of leaves, and the determination of many indicators, the result is that the growth and radiation dose was negatively correlated, but small doses of radiation (of20Gy) to promote the growth of seeding.4、The test that handle the stolonferous with the concentration of0.2%to1.0%colchicine prime, through the determination of leaf area and the number and size of the dorsal pores, find that the size of the leaf area with colchicine concentration was positively correlated; stoma number with colchicine in the same area under the hormone concentration was negatively correlated; the same magnification of the pore size was positively correlated with colchicine concentration. Colchicine on the Fragaria nilgrrensis Schlecht. and Fragaria orientalis Lozinsk. the same concentration can obtain it more obvious through the comparison of mortality rate.