Earth-atmosphere Resource Use Studies In Communities Of Sugarbeets

In order to express the production of regional advantages of cool vegetables and Sugar beet, as using Earth-atmosphere resource of beach and swales high quality plant for the core, on the basis that the technology of Chinese cabbage grow seedlings at high temperature and early sow early mow success, through the intercrop of Sugar beet and Chinese cabbage, explore the mechanism and key technologies of resource efficient utilization. Tests include of research of group growth characteristics, soil water use effect, photosynthetic characteristics, production and quality, and nutrient absorption characteristics in intercrop of Chinese cabbage and Sugar beet, and research of production, quality and growth characteristics of Sugar beet in different planting density and growth regulation. Through field investigation, indoor measuring, and indoor experiment systematically reveals the growth and development, resource utilization, production and quality and nutrient absorption characteristics in intercrop of Chinese cabbage an Sugar beet, and Sugar beet production, quality and growth characteristics in different planting density and growth regulation. The main research results are as follows:1. Interspecific competition exist in the intercropping population. Within the symbiotic period of Chinese cabbage and Sugar beet, as the leading crops, Chinese cabbage is eugenic and produces adverse effect on growth of Sugar beet, lead to delay of leaf growth period of intercropping Sugar beet; After Sugar beet grows into the phyllome growth period, Sugar beet produces adverse effect on the growth of intercropping Chinese cabbage, and reduces dry matter accumulation of intercropping Chinese cabbage.The root’s length, diameter and dry matter accumulation of Sugar beet rise persistently in growth period, and Sugar beet do not complete the full growth period and present infinite growth characteristics. Due to the stress of Chinese cabbage, the root length is restrained more significant to root diameter, and become the main characteristics of competitive disadvantage, and max of the leaf area index of Sugar beet in intercropping is 1.1, lower than 3.5 of monocropping Sugar beet significantly, although after Chinese cabbage harveste, Sugar beet occupy the whole resources independently, but the plants have growth into the root of swollen, leaves grows stagntly, and stops irrigation, lead to the resources of later growth period can not compensate for the shortage of the growth of leaf area.2. Inter-copping community crops promote each other to use water resource effectively to sustain their growth. Intercropping population compare with monocropping population, although the irrigation water is same, but because Chinese cabbage’s growth has dominant advantage, so the amount and the intensity of water consumption of intercropping and mono-cropping are no significant difference; the amount and intensity of water consumption of monocropping Sugar beet increases rapidly when the Sugar beet grows into the phyllome growth period, so is not sifnificant different than the intercropping Sugar beet.3. Compensation effect in the later growth period of intercroppig of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop. In the intercrop of Chinese cabbage and Sugar beet, Chinese cabbage of short growth period grows rapidly, lead to the growth space of intercropping community diminishes quickly to affect the expanded of Sugar beet leaves of the treatment of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop (BT1) bigger than the treatment of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop (BT2). The size of population density directly affects the light transmittance of community plant and irradiation leaf area of unit area, to become the key factor to affects the crop yield. Intercropping Chinese cabbage display Slant the effect lies to its advantage of fast-growing in the intercrop of Chinese cabbage of short growth period and Sugar beet of long growth period; Sugar beet suffered the stress from close cover of Chinese cabbage improves the light intercepting rate depends on the canopy space automatic spread after cabbage harvest, so as to increase light leaf area of unit area, improve the photosynthesis to accumulate organic matter, compensate the negative effects of photosynthetic brought by the lack of group leaf area during the growth period, and the compensation effect of the treatment of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop is significantly higher than 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop.The content rate of root N and P and K of Sugar beet and leaf of Chinese cabbge gradually reduces with the growth of plants; due to the influence of the increasing of unit area dry matter accumulation, the N and P and K yield of unit area dry matter gradually increases with the growth of plants. The sugar content of Sugar beet increases after Sugar beet grows into phyllome growth period, and the treatment of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop is higher than the treatment of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop and monocropping Sugar beet from beginning to end. With Sugar beet grows into sugar accumulation period, the treatment of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop, 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop, control 2 processing sugar content of root increases by 41.4, 44.1 and 47.5 percentage point. And the accumulation of sugar content decreases with the temperature decreases during nature period.4. The analysis of two years results that competition between intercropping crops lead to yield of intercropping population decrease. In the years of 2010, the intercropping of Chinese cabbage and Sugar beet, yield per plant of Chinese cabbage of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop decreases by 33.3% contrast to monocropping, the treatment of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop decreases by 24.2%, and yield per plant of Sugar beet of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop is 86.4% of the monocropping, 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop is 90.9%. In the years of 2011, yield of the treatments of Chinese cabbage are not significant different, and Chinese cabbage restrains Sugar beet growth significantly, yield per plant of Sugar beet of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop is 57.1% of the monocropping, 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop is 50.0%.The production potential of Sugar beet plays a major role on the efficient use of resources. the“real”yield of Chinese cabbage of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop increases by 26.7%-47.3% than“expectations”yield, 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop increases by 59.3%-83.3%. The“real”inter-cropping yield increases by 28.8%-56.5% than“expectations”yield. Land equivalent ratio of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop increases by 29% in 2010, and 25% in 2011; and 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop increases by 56% in 2010, 31% in 2011. Water use efficiency of 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 1 line Sugar beets intercrop ncreases by12% in whole growth period of 2011, and 2 lines Chinese cabbage: 2 lines Sugar beets intercrop increases by 8%. With the economic benefits of cabbage crop advantage as the foundation, compare intercropping group crops economic benefits, the e conomic benefit increases by 0-27%, and it shows that intercropping population increases the use efficiency significantly of Earth-atmosphere resource. With the increase of Sugar beet planting density, yield per plant increase, sugar content increase, and the economic benefit is corresponding increase.5. The key of ensure quality of Sugar beet is water management of farmland. In different planting form, after harvest of Chinese cabbage stops irrigation, sugar content of intercropping Sugar beet do not have obvious difference compare with control and general production field.