Studies On The Quality Criterias Of Seeds And Seedlings Of Codonopsis Pilosula.var.modesta

C.pilosula Nannf.var.modesta (Nannf.) L.T.Shen is an important medicinal plant inChina. The dry roots are used as medicine. In this article, seed and seedling test methods andquality grading standards of the seeds and seedlings were studied to formulate the seed andseedling test methods and regulations, established the quality grading standards of the seedsand seedlings, and provide the basis for the standardized cultivation and industrializationdevelopment of C.pilosula.var.modesta. The main study results are summarized as follows:1．Seed testing methods and regulations were established by the systematic studies onthe purity, germination rate, seed viability,1000-seed weight, water content, health detectionand authenticity identification of the seeds. The results showed that seed sampling and purityanalysis were made according to the international Seed Testing Rules GB/T3543.2andGB/T3543.3because of their high accuracy The maximum weight in all the seed lot was2000kg; the minimum weight to be checked was10g; the minimum weight for purityanalysis was1g; the optimum conditions were absorbent cotton and filter paper culturedwith light at25℃. The first time for record was the5th d, and the final time for record wasthe10th d. The rapid testing of seed vigor with dyeing for3h with0.5%TTC and35℃showed the best. The seed weight was tested with1000-seed method, repeating three times.The seed water content of seeds grinded was tested with stoving for1h at130±2℃,repeating three times.2．The purity, germination rate, seed viability,1000-seed weight, water content, diseasesand insect rate of forty batches of seeds were tested to establish the quality grading standardwith K-means cluster analysis based on the seed testing methods and regulations. The resultsshowed that the seeds could be divided into three grades of criteria: the first-grade seedswere at least96.5%in purity,0.29g of1000-seed weight,94.0%of germination rate,97.0%of seed viability and at most2.0%of diseases and insect rate and10%of water content; thesecond-grade seeds were95.5-96.4%in purity,0.27-0.28g of the1000-seed weight,87.0-93.9%of the germination rate,90.0-96.9%of seed viability and2.1-4.0%of thediseases and insect rate and10%of the water content; the third-grade seeds were94.5-95.4%in purity,0.25-0.26g of the1000-seed weight,80.0-86.9%of the germination rate,83.0-89.9%of the seed viability and4.1-6.0%of the diseases and insect rate and10%of thewater content. It was suggested that it was better to employ first-grade and second-gradeseeds in practice.3．The seedling weight, root length, root diameter, bud length, bud number of30batches of seedling in different producing areas in Gansu Province were determined toestablish the quality grading standard with K-means cluster analysis. The results showed thatthe first-grade seedlings were at least14.1g of the fresh weight of seedling,24.0cm oflength of seedling,1.2cm of diameter of seedling; the second-grade seedlings were14.0-3.5g of the fresh weight of seedling,23.9-21.6cm of length of seedling,1.1-0.7cm of diameterof seedling; the third-grade seedlings were3.4-1.9g of the fresh weight of seedling,21.5-13.5cm of length of seedling,0.6-0.5cm of diameter of seedling.