The Study Of Atrium Smoke Control System

In the1980s, atrium buildings are increasingly adopted by architect. The penetrability ofan atrium brings a good visual enjoyment to people, but also makes the spread of smokeunrestricted, and threats to people’s life and property. It’s seldom analyzed in the formers’research what the influence of the environment on the atrium smoke control is, so this paperwill focus on that.This paper introduces atrium fire risk and smoke control method, summarizes theperformance-based safety evacuation principle according to the exsiting data. Large spaceexperiment halls are taken as prototypes to establish architecture models for the simulationanalysis. Firstly, the effect of indoor temperature on early fire smoke lifting height andtemperature changes during the fire is analyzed, the calculation shows that，if fire heatrelease rate is more than2MW and the temperature gradient is less than1℃/m in an atriumwhich is below30m in hight, the smoke plume can reach the ceiling. It’s also found that thehigher the indoor temperature and temperature gradient are, the lower the smoke plume canreach. Secondly, by analyzing the external wind influence on natural smoke exhaust, it’sfound that, the wind which perpendicular to the supply vent makes the smoke temperaturedrop in the high position, but increase in the low position, and the wind which parallels to thesupply vent makes the smoke temperature integrally decline. While the perpendicular windspeed is more than3m/s, the smoke layer declines fast. The inclination angle of fire plumeincreases with the wind speed. The perpendicular wind with speed of5m/s causes the fireplume decline seriously, almost close to the ground. Large wind will reduce exhaust smokeefficiency, make CO and CO₂concentration in lower position decreased, and make visibilityconditions better, but will not change the O₂content. It’s found that under the premise ofsmoke exhaust rate, natural smoke extraction can meet the personnel evacuation requirementand achieve good effect even considering the harmful effects of environmental conditions.