The Error-Detecting System For Solar Tracking

It is known that solar energy has the advantages of environment-friendly, no drying up and large reserves. But solar energy exists shortcomings as being low flux density and the non-uniform spatial distribution. The solar High Concentrating Photovoltaic (HCPV) technology solves these problems, improving the electricity generating efficiency and reducing equipment costs. HCPV becomes a research hotspot on new energy technology in concentrating photovoltaic system presently. In the HCPV system, the precision of solar tracker is the most important facts that will influence the efficiency of electricity generating. Due to that, the real-time monitoring to the precision of solar tracker can highlight significations in the development of high-precision solar tracker and the improvement of the HCPV technology. In order to determine whether the tracking is precise or not and adjust itself, this thesis developed an apparatus for measuring the offset-angle of sun-tracking based on the principle of the four-quadrant sensor as well as done a systematic experimental research.Firstly, this thesis has introduced the working principle of the four-quadrant sensor and the theoretical basis of getting the center position of the light spot, analyzing and comparing various methods of calculating the light spot position and compensation algorithms to correct position inaccuracy. Secondly, the paper has analyzed the impact of light spot radius in the output of the four-quadrant sensor, optimizing theoretical spot radius, and has optimized the height of the light tube according to the accuracy and detection range. Thirdly, on the basis of the aforementioned theoretical studies, this paper has designed and manufactured the experimental prototype of the solar tracking deviation detection system, completing the design and manufacture of PCB circuit in the detection system, composing the software and beautifying the human-machine interface of it.The study of the track deviation detection system has demonstrated that it has a higher resolution and detection accuracy, with a resolution of0.01°and an accuracy of0.01°. The repetitive experimental results have been proved to be coherent, and they have made it clear that the system has fine stability. The real-time detection experiments of the solar tracker have shown that the solar tracking deviation detection system can reflect the real-time tracking of the sun tracker accurately, meanwhile, this system can optimize the parameters according to the deviation of the results, improving the efficiency of the HCPV.