Research On Parallelism Measurement And Finishing Technology Of Precision Components

Precise electromechanical products usually include a lot of parts. In order to realize the mass production and reduce the labor intensity of workers, countries have developed different kinds of semi-automatic and automatic assembly systems. On the influence of machining precision and assembly accuracy of the system, position accuracy of components completely assembled may not reach the expected requirements. Precise finishing could improve the shape precision and position precision of the parts or components. It attracts more and more attention, and has wide applications in the field of precise manufacturing.In this thesis, parallel error between two planes of a precise component is studied. One of the planes is a concave plane, which cannot be further processed and unable to be the locating surface directly in the following processing. Two parallelism finishing schemes are compared. The scheme based on fitted locating surface is adopted under the consideration of simple and practicability.A precise measurement and processing system is built. In order to reliably position the component and adjust the three small surfaces to the ideal height, taking into account the space limitation, finishing efficiency and simply in structure, the special finishing clamp is designed. It composes positioning module, a locking mechanism, a fine tuning module, a middle connecting plate and a base. Finishing process includes parallelism measurement, calculation of the removal, precision adjustment of the machined surface and precision machining. Four points are measured to fit the concave plane. The distance between three mounting surfaces and the fitted plane are calculated to receive the removal. Using the tuning module of the clamp, component to be machined is adjusted. Precision milling is selected to finishing the component.In order to improve the machining precision and avoid damaging the component, the deformation of component is analyzed by finite element methods before setting up the system. Calculations in the finishing process are programmed by VC++to simplify the whole scheme. According to the characteristics of the material, machining tools are selected. Then, the components whose parallelism error cannot meet the requirements are precisely machined. The results prove the feasibility of the finishing scheme. Finally, experiment error is analyzed to find the error resource and improve the finishing accuracy.