| Automobile safety issue comes along with the conveniences brought to usby cars. With increase of both the number and speed of automobiles, thesafety issue has drawn more and more attention, especially in China, which iscaused by the fact that the performance of car collision safety doesn’t live up tostandards. Due to the late start-up of auto industry, the research on car safetyperformance is quite limited, resulting in the low car safety level.In the real life, there are all manner of collisions in traffic accidents. Tosummarize, face-to-face collision, sideways collision, rear-end collision,sideways roll-over are most common. During these accidents, face-to-facecollisions are more than50%likely to happen, and the casualties are alsomore likely to occur. As a result, to research into car face-to-face collisionperformance has tremendous meanings. Mostly car safety technology isdivided into two main categories: Active safety technology and reactive safetytechnology. Reactive safety technology is most efficient in increasing carsafety performance and it affects the mortality directly. In order to avoidcasualties as much as possible, reactive safety technology is the mainresearching aim in safety performance.Collision tests mainly fall into two categories: Actual car collision and falsecar collision. False car collision is the most common method because it is usedto simulate actual car collision and has low cost due to high repetition. Falsecar collision test platform comprises of two types: Crashing and launching.Launching collision platform is quite expensive while crashing collision platformcast less due to simple structure. Energy absorption buffer is the crucial part ofcollision test platform. Hydraulic energy absorption buffer holds theadvantages of simple structure, strong ability to tune and low cost. However it’sdifficult to research and develop. This article focuses on the research of thetheories and experiments of hydraulic energy absorption buffer performance.The main research content is as follows:(1)Theoretical analysis of hydraulic energy absorption bufferThe operational mechanism of hydraulic energy absorption buffer wasdetailed and the buffer was theoretically analyzed via the aspects of dampinghole flow equation, oil compression and energy equation. Damping hole flowequation shows the relationship between the damping hole flow and throttlingarea and stress difference. Oil compression analysis shows energytransformation during operation and energy equation shows the energyvariation of oil in the tank during collision procedure. (2)Analysis of law of throttling area variationThe requirement of parking deceleration according to ECE R16wasintroduced. Four wave curves, trapezoid acceleration wave, quadraticacceleration wave, cubic acceleration wave and sinusoidal wave, werehypothesized according to the requirement of parking deceleration curve.Based on the damping hole flow equation and related acceleration wave,different throttling area curve could be acquired. Besides, the kinematical andoil hydraulic characteristics could also be analyzed.(3)Characteristic analysis of different acceleration waves and flow fieldanalysis by ADINACompare the kinematical characteristics of different acceleration waves, oilstress and throttling area curve. The performance of hydraulic energyabsorption buffer was analyzed. The analysis of distribution of stress andspeed during collision was obtained by analyzing the flow field of the oil in thetank through the Fluid-structure Interaction Module (FSI) of ADINA.(4)Structural design and performance test of hydraulic energy absorptionbufferAccording to the design method of hydraulic cylinder, detailed design of thestructure of hydraulic energy absorption buffer was achieved, as well as thestrength check. The main structure and test methods of false car face-to-facecollision platform were introduced.(5)Conclusion and vision... |
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