Research Of Energy Absorption Structure Based On Coupling Collision Of Urban Rail Vehicle

With the rapid development of rail transportation, the safety of railway vehicles is increasingly becoming the focus of attention. Train collision accident frequency vexed at home and abroad always caused serious destruction to personnel and property, which gives people a painful lesson. The study of train collision has become the current hot research topic. The technology of the train collision protection is mainly divided into two kinds:active protection and passive safety protection. Active protection refers to taking measures to reduce the train collision probability; And Passive protection refers to taking measures to reduce the impact of personnel and property losses when the train collision have occurred. This paper focuses on the passive protection study of train collision. The main measure of safety passive safety protection is designing car body structure with crashworthiness and setting all kinds of energy absorption structure in the right place. And we can reduce the loss of personnel and property by energy absorption structure absorbing collision energy. This paper mainly calculate the impact energy absorption of metro vehicle energy absorption structure through the computer simulation and analyzes whether it satisfies the requirement of energy absorption. The computer simulation method to study collision are mainly showed that two kinds of explicit FEM and dynamics. We can get the detailed parameters of collision such as stress and deformation, but it isn’t suitable for study as a whole train collision due to its large amount of calculation. By contrast,dynamics method is very effective for the whole train collision because of its high computing speed and high calculation efficiency. This article integrated the merits of the two methods, and put them together in the subway train collision simulation calculation.This article divided train collision process into four levels, and introduces the structure and working principle of energy absorption structure. This paper First use EFEA method to study the influence of various factors on the thin-walled metal endergonic structure regularity, and designs energy absorption structure. And use the EFEA method get the force-displacement curve in the process of its energy absorption. Then use knowledge of multi-body dynamics and longitudinal dynamics simulate the whole train collision simulation through SIMACK software. Influences that how to set the Force element of energy absorption structure. Simulation results show that buffer and crushing tube can only meet the impact velocity for the requirement of energy absorption at 15 km/h. For collision speed of 25 km/h, needing car-body special energy absorption structure absorb the remaining energy. And then uses the elastic-plastic force element integrate the force-displacement curve into the SIMPACK software for simulation of high-speed train collision. Results show that the longitudinal stiffness of preliminary designed energy absorption structure is too big, and it can’t meet the requirements of energy absorption. Finally optimizes the energy absorption structure by weakening it’s wall thickness, and get its force-displacement curve for train collision dynamics simulation. The optimized energy absorption structure can well meet the requirements of energy absorption. The research contents have important value in theory study and engineering application.